MICHAEL MOSER Uniwersytet Wiedeński, Austria Przemyśl as a center of Ukrainian language-building (1815–1918) For many centuries, the city of Przemyśl has been a multicultural and multi- lingual place, where Poles and Ukrainians (“Ruthenians”) 1 have lived together with other nationalities, frst and foremost, with Jews and Germans. According to the Encyclopedia of Ukraine, the population of Przemyśl developed between 1830 and 1910 in the following way: in 1830, out of 7,538 inhabitants 1,508 were Greek Catholics (and thus, as a rule, Ukrainians) —“a signifcantly larger num- ber than in most other centers in Galicia” 2 — and, in fact, a signifcantly larger number than in most other city centers of the entire Ukrainian language area. 3 The percentage of Greek Catholic city dwellers remained stable in the following dec- ades, while the population kept increasing: 1880 — 22,000 (43.6 percent Roman Catholics, 34.5 percent Jews, 21.4 percent Greek Catholics); 1900 — 46,300 (46.0 percent Roman Catholics, 30.6 percent Jews, 22.5 percent Greek Catholics); 1910 — 54,700 (46.7 percent Roman Catholics, 29.5 percent Jews, and 22.5 percent Greek Catholics). 4 During the frst decades of the 19 th century, the Ukrainian nation- and lan- guage-building process signifcantly lagged behind the Polish one. As far as lan- 1 П. Ісаїв, В. Кубійович, Перемишль, [in:] Енциклопедія українознавства. Перевидання в Україні, vol. 6, Львів 1996, pp. 2005–2010. Here: р. 2007. In this essay, I use the terms “Ukrain- ian” and “Ruthenian” as synonyms, despite the fact that “Ruthenian” could have a broader meaning (including Belarusians) and the name “Ukrainian” came into being in Galicia only during the last third of the 19 th century. 2 S. Stępień, Borderland City: Przemyśl and the Ruthenian National Awakening in Galicia, [in:] Galicia. A Multicultured Land, eds. Ch. Hann, P. R. Magocsi, Toronto 2005, pp. 52–70. Here: p. 53. 3 See B. Krawchenko, Social change and national consciousness in Twentieth-Century Ukraine, Oxford 1985. 4 П. Ісаїв, В. Кубійович, Перемишль…. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS WRATISLAVIENSIS No 3985 Slavica Wratislaviensia CLXXII • Wrocław 2020 https://doi.org/10.19195/0137-1150.172.5 Data przesłania artykułu: 11.02.2019 Data akceptacji artykułu: 6.04.2019 Slavica Wratislaviensia 172, 2020 © for this edition by CNS