ANA ORTIZ, JANIE SIMMONS and W. LADSON HINTON
LOCATIONS OF REMORSE AND HOMELANDS OF RESILIENCE:
NOTES ON GRIEF AND SENSE OF LOSS OF PLACE OF LATINO
AND IRISH-AMERICAN CAREGIVERS OF DEMENTED ELDERS
ABSTRACT. In this essay, based on qualitative research with Latino and Irish-American
caregivers of demented elders, we argue that spatially and culturally constituted definitions
of personhood, the moral life, and justice shape perceptions of normative aging, the agency
of the demented persons and their place in the community, the appropriate care of the aged
and demented, as well as partially determine the concrete resources which will be available
to elders and their families. We review how ties to homelands and neighborhood institu-
tions act as mediators and shapers of anticipatory grief, caregiver burdens, and caregiver
resources, serving as a buffer against exhaustion and despair for some families (primarily
the Irish-American sample), and as an additional site of loss or stress for others (primarily
the Latino sample).
KEY WORDS: Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, ethnicity, social history, Latino, Irish-
American
INTRODUCTION
Both the “universal” old person claimed by gerontology and the Western-derived
agenda cited to solve her or his problem maintain a utopian stance, demanding state
patronage incompatible with local economies and legitimating the state’s shrugging of its
shoulders.... Alternative definitions of “the problem,” alternative distributions of limited
resources, and alternative formulations of the relations between old people, families, and
the state are not considered. (Cohen 1992: 156)
In his biting challenge to the hegemonic and homogenizing construction
of the aged in India as a “problem population” within international geron-
tology and state programs of health sector development, Lawrence Cohen
reminds us that biomedical discourse on aging is filtered through complex
local histories and local moral economies as it courses towards engagement
and response at the micro-level (Cohen 1992). By looking through the
lens of place, by engaging in a rigorously specific, situated and historical
analysis of the multiple actors and agendas shaping the discovery of needs
and the creation of services for Indian elders, Cohen is able to identify rich
undercurrents of meaning within these developments which are rooted in
Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 23: 477–500, 1999.
© 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands.