Ophthalmol Case Rep 2018 Volume 2 Issue 2 1 http://www.alliedacademies.org/ophthalmic-and-eye-research/ Research Article Background: Senile cataract is a vision-impairing disease caused by age, and it is characterized by the gradual progressive thickening of the lens in the eye. The purpose of the study was to assess the serum level of Zinc, Magnesium and Calcium in senile cataract patients. Material and Methods: Ninety four individuals classifed into two groups, 50 as case group and 44 as healthy individuals as control group. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to measured serum Zinc, Calcium and magnesium. Results: Means of serum Calcium, Magnesium and Zinc levels in patient with senile cataract were 7.82 ± 1.98 mg/dL, 1.31 ± 0.41 mg/L and 0.27 ± 0.04 mg/L respectively, this study revealed that there were signifcant differences in serum Zinc levels, Magnesium levels, between case and control P-value (0.00 and 0.017) respectively; But insignifcant differences in serum Calcium levels P-value (0.16). Conclusion: The study fndings that decrease of serum zinc and magnesium levels were play a role in developmental mechanism of the senile cataract or cataract risk factors. Abstract Assessment of serum zinc, calcium and magnesium among Sudanese patients with senile cataract in Khartoum State-Sudan. Rehab OM Altouhami, Abdalla E Ali* Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical laboratory Sciences, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Sudan Accepted on August 08, 2018 Keywords: Senile, Cataract, Zinc, Magnesium, Calcium. Introduction Eye is the most amazing organ in human body and lens is one of the most notable structures within it. The main function of the lens is to refect the light to focus it on the retina any pacifcation in crystalline lens is called cataract [1]. It is account for over half of the cases of blindness. Senile cataract is physiology disorder of the eye occurring in the elderly persons caused by a multifactorial disease and there are other factors, which contribute to the aging lens changes, characterized by an initial opacity in the lens subsequent swelling of the lens and fnal shrinkage with complete loss of transparency [2]. The lens possesses impressive array of protein that are coupled to release of the intracellular calcium they include membrane of the muscarinic, adrenergic, and purinergic families [3]. Calcium in the lensis related with the normal permeability and regulation of dynamic equilibrium between the ionic constituents of the lens and its surrounding fuid. It is said that an accumulation of Calcium in the intact lens induces formation of high molecular weight proteins, which may be associated with the loss of lens transparency [4], Caused by prolonged increase in intracellular calcium would be expected to activate proteases such as calpain so any interference within the lens is also likely to have a cataract. Hypocalcaemia causes cataractous changes may be associated with parathyroid tetany [5]. Development of cataract in senile age group is supposed to be due to multiple factors. Increased lipid peroxidation due to oxidative stress has been proved to be an important factor of those [6]. Oxidative stress generally causes damage to the membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) leading to generation of malondialdehyde (MDA), a thiobarbituricacidreacting substance (TBARS). The superoxide dismutase (SOD), on the other hand, functions mainly as a frst order antioxidant enzyme, mainly by neutralizing the effect of superoxide anion which is an important precursor for oxidative stress in the tissues [7,8]. Human SOD is mainly dependent on the metal zinc for its structural stability [9]. Also Zinc play a role in the maintaining normal ocular function it is presents in high concentration in ocular tissue [5]. Membrane transport mechanism sutilizing several magnesium (Mg)-dependent ATPases, play an important role in maintaining lens homeostasis. Therefore, in Mg-defciency states, ATPase dysfunctions lead to intracellular accumulation of Ca(2 + ). High intracellular Ca(2 + ) causes activation of the enzyme calpain II, which leads to the denaturation of crystalline, the soluble lens protein required for maintaining the transparency of the lens. Mg defciency also interferes with ATPase functions by causing cellular ATP depletion. Furthermore, Mg defciency enhances lenticular oxidative stress by increased production of free radicals and depletion of antioxidant defenses. Therefore, Mg supplementation may be of therapeutic value in preventing the onset and progression of cataracts in conditions associated with Mg defciency [10]. Material and Methods This Cross sectional study was conducted at Makkah Eyes hospital, among 94 individuals classifed into two groups, 50 as case group and 44 as healthy individuals as control group. All data analyzed by using the statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS); chi squire, independent t-test and parson correlation test. P-value less than 0.05. Cataracts patients aged above fourty included in the study. Any patients with systemic disease excluded from this study. After signing an informed