Vol.:(0123456789)
SN Soc Sci (2022) 2:206
https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-022-00507-4
ORIGINAL PAPER
Bullying to sustainability: human behaviour barriers
to local ecological sustainability
Kim Polistina
1,2
Received: 23 November 2021 / Accepted: 5 September 2022
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
Abstract
Communities are the front line of local sustainability implementation. These
communities are part of the current dominant human/environment dynamic which
is encompassed in the neoliberal system. The nuances of human behaviour at the
local community level that perpetuate unsustainable behaviours, particularly in the
pursuit of neoliberal aims, is a complex and unpredictable problem. Adult bullying
behaviours as a modus operandi for those perpetuating neoliberalism, through
their management of corporations and businesses, provided a microscopic lens
to examine the social–ecological context of barriers to ecological sustainability
in two communities in south-east Queensland, Australia. There are no arbitrary
delineations between society and the environment in social–ecological systems
(Guerrero et al. Ecol Soc 23:38, 2018; Noorden, Nature 525:306–307, 2015). We
need to understand the benefcial or detrimental impact of the dynamics between
humans and the environment to understand barriers to sustainability implementation
(Bennett et al. Reg Environ Change 16:907–926, 2016). This inductive research was
conducted through a critical social constructionism approach. A transdisciplinary
cross-case study research was conducted to examine the human and human/
environment interactions using interviews, documentary and media analysis,
personal communications, and researcher observations and journal. The use of
bullying tactics by the individuals perpetuating neoliberalism in each case were
discovered. Detrimental impacts on all sustainability domains, as a result of these
bullying tactics, were discovered. The remit of this paper is a discussion on the
main impacts on ecological sustainability. This focus expands our social–ecological
understanding of these human interactions and how they impacted detrimentally on
the ecologically sustainable actions implemented by the communities. These impacts
were identifed as environmental pollution and degradation; barriers to sustainable
lifestyles choices; restrictions to pro-environmental education and regeneration
activities; and exclusionary control of access to natural environments for human-
nature interconnectedness. This illuminated an inconspicuous barrier in the social–
ecological dynamic of ecological sustainability in the lack of knowledge, skills and
capacity the communities had to identify and alleviate bullying that was preventing
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