Research Article Computation of Vertex-Based Topological Indices of Middle Graph of Alkane (C t H 2t+2 ) Muhammad Shoaib Sardar , 1 Imran Siddique , 2 Fahd Jarad , 3,4,5 Muhammad Asad Ali , 1 Erkan Murat T¨ urkan, 3 and Muhammad Danish 1 1 School of Mathematics, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 2 Department of Mathematics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan 3 Department of Mathematics, Cankaya University, 06790 Etimesgut, Ankara, Turkey 4 Department of Mathematics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 5 Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan Correspondence should be addressed to Imran Siddique; imransmsrazi@gmail.com and Fahd Jarad; fahd@cankaya.edu.tr Received 18 February 2022; Accepted 6 May 2022; Published 30 May 2022 Academic Editor: Andrea Semaniˇ cov´ a-Feˇ novˇ c´ ıkov´ a Copyright © 2022 Muhammad Shoaib Sardar et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Alkanes are the primary constituents of methane or natural gas that can also be found in volcanic crust. As a result of methane as a heat source, humans may cook without using any fuel in a volcanic environment. Propane which is an alkane derivative is safer alternative to methane and is commonly present in gas cooking fuel, as well as a tiny amount of gasoline and matches. e primary ingredient in automobile especially gasoline is also alkane in the form of octane. Topological indices are largely applied in chemistry to improve the quantitative structure relationship in which the properties of the molecules can be linked with their chemical structures. In this research work, we will calculate the certain well-known topological indices of the middle graph of alkane based on vertex degree and also present a numerical and graphical comparison of computed topological indices. 1. Introduction and Preliminaries Assume that G (V, E) is a simple and without loops molecular graph. e vertices represent the atoms of the molecule denoted by V(G), while the edges E(G) show chemical bonds. e edges in the graph (G) that connect to a vertex are referred as degree of vertex. A degree vertex is represented by d u and d v where u, v ∈ V(G) { }. For un- specified terminologies and notations, we recommended [1]. Chemical graph theory plays a vital role for the modeling of molecular structure, and it is also used to study chemical and physical properties of chemical compounds. Graph theory is used to assess the link between some graphs that are generated by using defined graph operations such as middle graph, double graph, and the strong double graph [2]. Topological indices offer significant information about the chemical structure, molecules, and quantitative structure- activity relationships. Topological index is numerical number or mathematical calculation that may be applied to several molecular graphs [3]. e symmetric division degree index (SD) of connected graph (G) [4] is defined as follows: SD(G)  uv∈E(G) d 2 u + d 2 v d u d v , (1) where d u and d v show the degree of vertex u and v in graph G. A variant of the Randic connectivity index is sum- connectivity index [5], which is defined as follows: SC(G)  uv∈E(G) 1  d u + d v  . (2) Let G be molecular graph, then the Randic connectivity index [6] is defined as follows: Hindawi Journal of Mathematics Volume 2022, Article ID 8283898, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8283898