Effects of Climate Change
on the Morphological Stability
of the Mediterranean Coasts:
Consequences for Tourism
Federica Rizzetto
Abstract Over the last decades, the Mediterranean coasts have experienced intense
development, mainly due to the growing role of tourism, maritime trade, and energy
industry. This situation has favoured a rapid expansion of urban coastal settlements
and infrastructures, thus producing negative effects, such as an irreversible reshap-
ing of the littorals, a transformation of their natural resources, and a decrease of
their resilience. At present, climate change is worsening this condition by causing
modifications on both weather and hydrodynamic processes. In this respect, the past
and present impacts of climate change on the morphological stability of the Mediter-
ranean coasts and their effects on tourism have been recently analysed. Data interpre-
tation has shown that the littorals differently respond to this occurrence in relation to
their characteristics and to local weather and hydrodynamic conditions. The results
have proved that erosion and flooding are two major threats to the preservation of
the coasts; they are endangering the beach-based tourism mainly causing land loss
and serious damages to human settlements and activities. As in the Mediterranean
coasts population is growing and social and economic interests are increasing, the
implementation of flood and coastal erosion risk management strategies is necessary
to face future challenges related to climate change and to increase coastal resilience.
Introduction: Present Conditions of the Mediterranean
Coasts
Mediterranean coasts are among the most threatened ones in the world. Over the
last decades, they have undergone intense development, mainly due to the growing
role of tourism and recreational activities, maritime trade, industry, agriculture, and
fishing. These conditions have produced a rapid poorly planned urbanization and
an overexploitation of coastal resources that have been responsible for a number
of negative impacts, such as a remarkable irreversible reshaping of the littorals,
F. Rizzetto (B )
Istituto Di Scienze Marine-Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Arsenale-Tesa 104, Castello
2737/F, Venice 30122, Italy
e-mail: federica.rizzetto@ismar.cnr.it
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
W. Leal Filho et al. (eds.), Climate Change, Hazards and Adaptation Options,
Climate Change Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37425-9_38
761