HIGH PERFORMANCE MICROMACHINED TRANSDUCER BASED ON
ELECTROSTRICTIVE P(VDF-TrFE) POLYMER
Tian-Bing Xu and Q.M. Zhang
Materials Research Institute and Electrical Engineering Department
The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
Abstract: High performances of micromachined
unimorph actuators (polymer micro-macnined
actuator or PMAT) based on the electrostrictive
poly(vinylidede fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-
TrFE)) copolymer is developed. The PMAT exhibits
a very high stroke level with high load capability,
broad frequency range (>100kHz), and high
displacement sensitivity. In addition, the simulated
results, based on the properties of the materials and
the structure of the device, are consisting with the
experimental observation.
I. INTRODUCTION
Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)
have shown great potential and impact on a broad
range of modern technologies such as biotechnology,
optical communications, automobiles, and many other
domestic and military applications.
1-4
Micro-actuator
is the key component in MEMS. However, in spite of
more than a decade efforts, it is still a challenge to
realize micro-actuators capable of operating over a
broad frequency range with high force level and large
displacement output.
5-8
The fundamental reason
behind this is the lacking in the present active
material or actuation mechanism which possesses
high elastic energy density with high strain capability
over a broad frequency range. Recently, we reported
that in modified P(VDF-TrFE) polymers, a massive
electrostriction with high elastic energy density can
be achieved.
9-12
Especially, in uniaxially stretched
polymer samples, an electrostrictive strain larger than
3.5% with high load capability (~40 MPa) along the
film surface and stretching direction has been
demonstrated which makes the polymer attractive for
micro-actuators.
10,11
It is the purpose of this article to
investigate the micro-actuator device performance of
this new class of active polymer (polymer micro-
actuator, or PMAT).
II. DEVICE STRUCTURE AND OPERATION
PRINCIPLE
The PMAT configuration adopted for this
investigation is shown schematically in figure 1. The
active polymer, which is a film (~10 m thickness) of
Figure 1. (a) Schematic of the PMAT investigated. (b) The
electrode pattern of the PMAT active polymer (black area)
where the electrode width along the x-direction is the same
as the device actuation length L
0
in the same direction and
along the y-direction, the unelectroded margin width is 0.5
mm to prevent the breakdown at the edges. (c) Schematic of
the actuation response of the current PMAT under external
fields: because of S
1
>0, the actuator moves up
L
0
Substrate
Active polymer
Inactive polymer
Epoxy
Electrodes
Polymer stretching direction
Si3N4 SiO2 Si
Z
(a)
L0
W
Polymer stretching direction
(b) Y
X
(c)
L
0
Z
X
2001 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM-917 0-7803-7177-1/01/$10.00 © 2001 IEEE