Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
Anthropocene Science
https://doi.org/10.1007/s44177-022-00021-5
NEWS & VIEWS
The United Nations General Assembly Passes Historic Resolution
to Beat Plastic Pollution
Amit Kumar Bundela
1,2
· Krishna Kumar Pandey
1,2
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022
“If we get this right—if we win the battle against plastic
pollution—it will not only be a tangible victory for people
and planet, but a clear example of how the United Nations is
relevant to the lives of citizens around the world”.
–María Fernanda Espinosa Garcés, President of The U.
N. General Assembly, March 2, 2022.
While there is an ongoing debate regarding the naming
of this present epoch as the ‘Anthropocene’ (Luciano 2022),
it is undoubtedly proven that anthropogenic interventions
are continuing to alter the functioning of our critical life
supporting systems and ultimately the resilience of our
planet Earth itself. The industrial revolution coupled with
rapid progress in urbanization, transportation, as well as in
the agricultural sector have transformed our green planet as a
toxic, chemical one (Cribb 2017; Lim 2021; Liu et al 2021).
Anthropogenic activities are responsible for the dumping of
more than 250 billion tons of chemical substances a year and
thereby threatening the wellbeing of both people and planet
(Cribb 2017; Woolston 2020). This indiscriminate chemi-
cal loading in our biosphere is posing an exposure risk of
chemical toxicants to 4.2 billion people worldwide (Liu et al.
2021). The poisoning of our planet Earth through rampant,
injudicious and unscientifc usage of chemical entities is
considered as one of the ten major survival risks confronting
humanity (Hale et al. 2001; Qiu 2013, 2016; Cribb 2017).
The chemical pollution and the release of novel entities is
also regarded as one of the nine planetary boundaries postu-
lated by Rockström et al. (2009) for reminding humanity to
take apposite strategies for limiting our ecological footprint
within the safe operating limits.
According to the United States Department of Health &
Human Services (www.hhs.gov), 2000 new chemicals are
being released every year and it has been estimated that
more than 144,000 synthetic chemicals are already in exist-
ence in various compartments of the environment (www.
echa.europa.eu). Nevertheless, the carcinogenic, mutagenic,
and teratogenic implications of the vast majority of these
chemicals are yet to be ascertained (Rhind 2009) and neces-
sary action plans are yet to be framed for restoring already
degraded systems while preventing the future contamina-
tion of these toxic chemicals. Furthermore, most of these
chemicals are persistent in nature and, therefore, resistant
to biological, hydrolytic, and photolytic means of degrada-
tion (Hale et al. 2001; Qiu 2013, 2016). Hence, once these
chemicals are released into the environment, they will be
there for a very long period of time and can be re-enter and
partition into diferent environmental compartments, such as
soil, air, and water, through various processes, such as vola-
tilization, leaching, global atmospheric and marine transport
etc. (Hale et al. 2001; Qiu 2013, 2016). Plastic is also one of
such widely used anthropogenic substances having a ubiq-
uitous presence on this planet and polluting almost all types
of ecosystems (Rochman and Hoellein 2020; Brahney et al
2021; Lim 2021). Though human activities have resulted in
the production of thousands of chemical substances every
year (Cribb 2017), most surprisingly, only 21 chemicals have
so far been enlisted under the Stockholm Convention on Per-
sistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), an international treaty for
banning the global production and usage of POPs (www.
pops.int). Therefore, it is the need of the hour to list more
and more chemicals under the relevant national and inter-
national treaties to prevent their unscientifc and indiscrimi-
nate production and usage and also to prevent the future
contamination of our planet due to the unwanted heaping of
such toxicants. In this context, we wholeheartedly welcome
the recently adopted draft resolution of the United Nations
Environment Assembly (UNEA) of the United Nations
Environment Programme (UNEP) to beat plastic pollution
* Amit Kumar Bundela
amitbundela@bhu.ac.in
1
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development,
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005,
India
2
Agroecosystem Specialist Group, IUCN-Commission
on Ecosystem Management, Gland, Switzerland