Journal of Cutaneous Pathology 1979: 6: 91-95
Immunohistochemical Demonstration of
Basement Membrane Collagen in Normal
Human Skin and in Psoriasis
S. GAY, T. F. KRESINA, R. GAY, E. J. MILLER AND L. F. MONTHS
Departments of Medicitie, Biochemistry, Dermatology and
Institute of Dental Research, University of Alabama,
Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A.
Antibodies prepared against the collagen C-chain derived from hutnan placenta specifically stain
the epidcntial basetnent membrane of normal human skin as well as the basetnent metnbrajie
surrounding the skin appendages and capillaries. Using the antibodies, it was observed that all
basetnent tncmbranes in untreated psoriatic plaques appear fragtnented and separated into several
layers. The results suggest that psoriatic lesions are associated with a general loss of basement
membrane integrity which may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
(Reeeived for pubiieation Oetober 2, 1978)
In recent years, several investigations have
shown that vertebrate organisms are endowed
with genetically and chetnically distinct
types of collagen (Miller 1976), Fibers or
fibrils derived from Type I, Type I-Trimer,
Type II, and Type III molecules represent
the interstitial collagens. These collagens
form the essential structural elements of a
variety of connective tissues (Gay & Miller
1978). Fibers derived from Type I, Type I-
Trimer and Type III molecules occur within
the dermal layer of skin and are responsible
for the functional integrity of this organ.
In addition to the interstitial collagens,
several lines of evidence indicate the
presence of still further fortns of collagen
in the structures commonly recognized as
basement membranes. To date, these
collagens have often been designated as
Type IV collagen (Miller 1976), Neverthe-
less, it is becoming increasingly clear that
basement membrane collagen is comprised
of several different types of molecules. Thus,
the A- and B-chain collagens (Rhodes &
Miller 1978) appear to originate from
certain basement membranes which are
prominent in placental tissue (Burgenson
et al, 1976), Moreover, recent investigations
have resulted in the isolation and charac-
terization of two additional collagen chains
derived frotn basement membranes. These
have been designated as the C- and D-chains
which have been isolated from placental
tissue (Kresina & MiUer, manuscript sub-
mitted) as well as from lens capsule (Gay &
Miller tnanuscript in preparation).
The biochemical characterization of the
different basement tnetnbrane collagen
chain has allowed concomitant immuno-
histological investigations on these com-
ponents in normal and pathological tissues.
In the present study we report on the use of
specific anitbodies directed against the
human C-chain to itivestigate the disposition
of skin basement membranes in nortnal
human skin as well as in psoriatic lesions.
Material and Methods
The collagen C-chain was isolated and
purified from limited pepsin digests of
human placenta as described by Kresina &
Miller (manuscript subtrtitted) and used for
imtnunization of rabbits. For each rabbit,
5 trtg of antigen were dissolved in l,5tTtl of
0,05% acetic acid, emulsified in 1.5 ml of
complete Freund's adjuvant (Difco Lab.)
0303-6987/79/020091-05 .$02.50/0 © 1979 Munksgaard, Copenhagen