ORIGINAL PAPER Validation of the Persian version of the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES) in Pregnant Women: A Proper Tool to Assess Spirituality Related to Mental Health Mohsen Saffari 1,2 • Hossein Amini 3 • Zarindokht Sheykh-oliya 2 • Amir H. Pakpour 4,8 • Harold G. Koenig 5,6,7 Published online: 19 April 2017 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2017 Abstract Assessing spirituality in healthy pregnant women may lead to supportive interventions that will improve their care. A psychometrically valid measure such as the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES) may be helpful in this regard. The current study sought to adapt a Persian version of DSES for use in pregnancy. A total of 377 pregnant women were recruited from three general hospitals located in Tehran, Iran. Administered scales were the DSES, Duke University Religion Index, Santa Clara Strength of Religious & Mohsen Saffari m.saffari@bmsu.ac.ir; Saffari.CHES@gmail.com Hossein Amini hamini2005@gmail.com Zarindokht Sheykh-oliya z-olia@bmsu.ac.ir Amir H. Pakpour pakpour_amir@yahoo.com Harold G. Koenig Harold.Koenig@duke.edu 1 Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 Health Education Department, School of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran 5 Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA 6 King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 7 Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China 8 Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jo ¨nko ¨ping University, Jo ¨nko ¨ping, Sweden 123 J Relig Health (2017) 56:2222–2236 DOI 10.1007/s10943-017-0393-1