Krishnaben Desai et al., IJSRR 2019, 8(2), 1792-1806 IJSRR, 8(2) April. – June., 2019 Page 1792 Research article Available online www.ijsrr.org ISSN: 2279–0543 I nternational Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews Genetic Transformation of Plants Krishnaben Desai 1 *, Bhanu Solanki 2 , Archana Mankad 3 and Himanshu Pandya 4 1,2,3,4 Department of Botany, Bioinformatics and Climate Change Impacts Management, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India Email Id. krishnadesai79@gmail.com ABSTRACT Currently, plant genetic transformation techniques are most widely used to obtain new improved plant variety. The introduction of exogenous genes into plant cells, tissues or organs employing direct or indirect means developed by molecular and cellular biology is called genetic transformation of plants.Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method is used for the indirect introduction of genes into plant cell, while Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated Transformation method, Microinjection, Electroporation and Biolistics (Particle Bombardment) are direct transformation methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method is most popular method for the development of transgenic plants because it is most efficient, stable and cost effective method. Biolistic gene gun method is second most popular transformation method.With the help of microinjection we can introduce whole chromosome in the plant cell, but generally microinjection used for the transformation of animal cells and has limited application for genetic modification of plants. Remarkable success has been achieved to transform the cereals like maize, rice and barley using electroporation. Desired gene isolated from the selected species and introduced in the plant cell by appropriate transformation methods. These cells are allowed to grow on selective medium containing chemical agents. Only transformed cells are selected and allowed for further growth using tissue culture techniques. The use of tissue culture in genetic transformation process is its main limitation as it requires highly efficient and regenerable cells for the growth, also requires high technical skill and expensive methods. KEY WORDS: Genetic transformation, Electroporation, Microinjection, Selectable markers, Recombinant DNA. * Corresponding author Krishnaben I. Desai A/11, Pragatinagar Society, Deodar, Ta-Deodar, Dist.-Banaskantha, Gujarat (India). Pincode-385330 Mb. 8511068839 Email Id. krishnadesai79@gmail.com