BEPLS Vol 8 [11] October 2019 95 | P age ©2019 AELS, INDIA
Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences
Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci., Vol 8 [11] October 2019 : 95-97
©2019 Academy for Environment and Life Sciences, India
Online ISSN 2277-1808
Journal’s URL:http://www.bepls.com
CODEN: BEPLAD
Global Impact Factor 0.876
Universal Impact Factor 0.9804
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
Instability in area, production and yield of Rice and Gram in
Haryana and India
Meenu Punia
1
, K. K. Kundu
1
, Parveen Kumar Nimbrayan
1
*
1
Department of Agricultural Economics, CCSHAU, Hisar-125004
*Corresponding author Email I’d: parv2509@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The issue of instability paying lot of attention of researchers in the early phase of adoption of green revolution
technology who accomplished that adoption of new technology had increased instability in food grain and agricultural
production in India. This conclusion was based on the period when improved technology had reached very small area.
This study shows that when a little longer period is taken into consideration, which witnessed spread of improved
technology to large area, the inference on increase in instability due to adoption of new technology get totally refuted.
The paper has estimated the instability of rice and gram at national level and then has compared it with Haryana state
for the period of 1966-67 to 2016-17. Haryana is a major contributor of food-grains to the central pool. Haryana has
high average yield of rice in comparison to India. Gram is a major pulse in India which contributed about 35 per cent of
area and 45 per cent of pulse production. Instability in case of yield of rice was high in green revolution period and was
more than three times the instability in area during the same period. Production under gram in case of Haryana shows
remarkably low instability but its show quite high in post green revolution period approx. 100 per cent. Among the two
crops selected for the study, gram has been observed to be the riskiest crop in respect of production as well as yields. This
underscores the need for addressing risks in farm income by devising area-specific crop insurance or other suitable
mechanisms.
Key words: Instability, green revolution period, natural disasters, insurance, yield
Received 12.06.2019 Revised 20.08.2019 Accepted 01.10. 2019
INTRODUCTION
Agriculture plays an imperative role in the economic life of India and it occupies a pivotal position in
India’s economic development. It is regarded as a major economic powerhouse that has a bearing on its
whole economy. It is well-established truth that the success of economic planning in India, largely
depends on the growth of its agriculture sector, which, in turn, indicates whether agricultural production
has reached comfortable tallness especially after the green revolution. How it has reached a stage of self
sufficiency and sustainable development or whether it is still conquered by nature, by unsteadiness that
still haunts and critically threatens the Indian farmer’s ability to boost the agricultural output and its
viability? As we know near two-third of our population depends on agriculture, India has witnessed
numerous upheavals over the century due to factors, both men made as well as natural, to find out the
destiny of its economy [1].
Haryana is a major contributor of food-grains to the central pool. Haryana has high average yield of rice in
comparison to India. In the year 2016-17, the average yield of rice of Haryana was 3213 kg/ha and that of
India was 2494 kg/ha. More than 60 per cent export of basmati rice taking place from state (Economic
Survey of Haryana, 2018-19). India ranked first in area (79 per cent) and production (67 per cent) at
global level in case of gram. Gram is a major pulse in India which contributed about 35 per cent of area
and 45 per cent of pulse production [2, 3].
Farming is intrinsically one of the riskiest economic activities. Agriculture production and farm incomes
in India are normally affected by natural disasters such as floods, droughts, storms, cyclones, landslides
and earthquakes. Despite the fact that the needs for increasing agricultural production or growth are
obvious, the increase in instability in agricultural production is considered adverse for several reasons.