* Corresponding author: Anoosheh Sharifan; Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research
branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98 9126178388, Email: a_sharifan2000@yahoo.com.
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JOURNAL OF NUTRITION FASTING AND HEALTH
Effect of Arctium Lappa Extract Inoculated with
Lactobacillus Plantarum On Fermented Salted Cabbage
Soheila Gharedaghi
1
, Anoosheh Sharifan
2
1. Department of Food Research, Standards Organization, Tehran, Iran.
2. Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T
Article type:
Research Paper
Introduction: The present study aimed to assess the effect of Arctium lappa extract inoculated with
Lactobacillus plantarum probiotic bacteria on fermented salted cabbage. In addition, the microbial,
chemical, and sensory properties and survival experiment of the bacteria were evaluated during
storage.
Methods: Lactobacillus plantarum was used as a probiotic species in fermented cabbage. The
effects of various levels of salt (1% and 1.5%) and Burdock extract (2 and 4 mg/ml) were evaluated
and compared with control samples (without the dandruff extract) with the inoculation of
Lactobacillus plantarum probiotic bacteria as the starter.
Results: Increased concentration of the Arctium lappa extract and minimum concentration of salts
led to the significant reduction of yeasts and aerobic mesophyll (1.5% salt and 4 mg/ml of the
herbal extract). On the other hand, decreased concentration of salt and increased concentration of
the Arctium lappa extract led to the increased viability of Lactobacillus, and the maximum survival
of Lactobacillus plantarum was observed in the treatment with 1% salt and 4 mg/ml of the extract
on day 21.
Conclusion: According to the results, using Lactobacillus plantarum as the starter, along with salt
and the Arctium lappa extract, could improve the microbial control of the fermentation process,
while increasing the production of lactic acid and improving the acidity of the saline of salty
cabbage.
Article History:
Received: 25 Jun 2019
Accepted: 06 Aug 2019
Published: 25 Nov 2019
Keywords:
Probiotic
Arctium lappa
Lactobacillus plantarum
Salted cabbage
Please cite this paper as:
Gharedaghi S, Sharifan A. Effect of Arctium Lappa Extract Inoculated with Lactobacillus Plantarum On Fermented Salted Cabbage.
J Nutrition Fasting Health. 2019; 7(4): 182-189. DOI: 10.22038/jnfh.2019.41360.1207
Introduction
Today, various chemical additives are used in
different industries, which are known to
adversely affect human health and cause severe
public health issues. The production of additives
to preserve the desirable features of food
products with the least adverse health effects has
attracted the attention of researchers. In this
regard, lactic acid bacteria are considered to be a
viable option. In addition to their beneficial
health effects on humans, these bacteria have
been reported to enhance the shelf life of food
products by acting as preservatives (1, 2).
Moreover, probiotic bacteria have other
therapeutic effects in addition to the
improvement of gastrointestinal disorders; such
examples are the lowering of blood cholesterol,
anticancer properties, improvement of the
immune function, reducing the side-effects of
antibiotics, increasing the absorption of vitamins
and minerals in the gastrointestinal tract, and
decreasing lactose intolerance (3, 4). The
survival of probiotic bacteria is influenced by
several factors, such as strain properties, food
matrices, and temperature (5). Tolerance of
environmental stress varies in different bacterial
species and strains. The growth and optimal
sensory composition of these bacteria depend on
the public starter, which must survive during the
fermentation process and exhibit metabolic
activity. By definition, probiotics are referred to
as living bacteria, and the assurance of the
quality of probiotic products depends on the
identification of living cells (6).
Lactic acid bacteria could be used to suppress the
growth of pathogenic bacteria, improve the taste
of food products, reduce energy consumption
compared to other food preservation methods,
and facilitate food preparation and maintenance
without the need for cooling systems (7). Since
fruits and vegetables inherently contain
beneficial nutrients (e.g., minerals, vitamins,
dietary fibers, and antioxidants) without the
allergens found in dairy products, they are