æ Policy brief by Maryna Manchenko & Laura Westerveen Children of immigrants: Generations 1.5 and 2.0 In recent years, we have seen an increasing call for the reframing of migrant integration in the feld of migration studies (e.g. Korteweg, 2017; Dahinden, 2016). There is particularly growing criticism on the grouping of different generations under the (homogenous) category of ‘immigrants’, as it extends the requirement to ‘integrate’ to children of immigrants, who had no say in the decision to migrate or did not even migrate at all (Schinkel, 2013). Even though children of immigrants are socialised in the host country, they are often still viewed as in need of integration and targeted by integration policies. In this policy brief, we focus on the so-called ‘generations 1.5 and 2.0’. By discussing their particularities, we aim to draw attention to the specifc inequalities that they are facing in European societies. We conclude by recommending a move beyond the integration paradigm to an equality paradigm that addresses the specifc needs of children of immigrants, but at the same time is mindful of the homogenising group categories it constructs. Before moving to our argument, let us discuss who are generally labelled with the terms ‘generation 1.5’ and ‘generation 2.0’. 1 The term ‘generation 2.0’, includes children of immigrants who are born in the host country. As opposed to their parents (labelled the ‘frst generation’ or ‘generation 1.0’), this generation did not migrate. The term ‘generation 1.5’, on the other hand, was created by Rubén Rumbaut to describe people that migrated before or during their teens, Issue 2019/02 • January 2019 as they do not belong to the frst- nor to the second generation. He objected to their classifcation as such, since none of these terms accurately described the experiences of youths who grew up in one country and had to undergo a second socialisation in another country (Rumbaut, 2004). Generation 1.5, as defned by Rumbaut, includes foreign-born youths who Despite growing criticism on extending the category ‘immigrant’ to children of immigrants, research in the feld of migration studies generally distinguishes between different generations within the population of migrant descent. Those who migrated as adults are called ‘the frst generation’, while children of immigrants who were born in the host country are labelled ‘the second generation’ and children of immi- grants who migrated before or during their teens comprise ‘generation 1.5’. Even though these later generations are socialised in the host country, they are ofen still viewed as in need of integration and targeted by integration policies. In this policy brief, we discuss the particularities of ‘generations 1.5 and 2.0’ throughout Europe and join others in arguing that policymakers and scholars need to move beyond the integration paradigm towards a paradigm of equality. We suggest that an equality paradigm needs to take into account the specifc inequalities that children of immigrants might face, but, at the same time, needs to be critical of the homogenising group designations that are assigned to them. (In)visible generations: from integration to equality brought to you by CORE View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk provided by Archive of European Integration