Case Report Giant Cell Fibroma in a Two-Year-Old Child Anna Carolina Volpi Mello-Moura, 1,2 Ana Maria Antunes Santos, 3 Gabriela Azevedo Vasconcelos Cunha Bonini, 1,4 Cristina Giovannetti Del Conte Zardetto, 5,6 Cacio Moura-Netto, 7 and Marcia Turolla Wanderley 1 1 Research and Clinical Center of Dental Trauma in Primary Teeth, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of S˜ ao Paulo-FOUSP, S˜ ao Paulo, SP, Brazil 2 Ibirapuera University (UNIB) Master Program, S˜ ao Paulo, SP, Brazil 3 Santa Cec´ ılia University (UNISANTA), Santos, SP, Brazil 4 Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, S˜ ao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil 5 Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of S˜ ao Paulo-FOUSP, S˜ ao Paulo, SP, Brazil 6 Clinical Oncology Service, Hospital Santa Catarina, S˜ ao Paulo, SP, Brazil 7 Graduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, S˜ ao Paulo, SP, Brazil Correspondence should be addressed to Ana Maria Antunes Santos; amas.odonto@gmail.com Received 12 April 2016; Revised 26 August 2016; Accepted 14 September 2016 Academic Editor: Pablo I. Varela-Centelles Copyright © 2016 Anna Carolina Volpi Mello-Moura et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Te giant cell fbroma is a benign nonneoplastic fbrous tumor of the oral mucosa. It occurs in the frst three decades of life in the mandibular gingiva, predominantly, showing predilection for females. Tis article reports a case of giant cell fbroma in a 2-year- old girl, which is an uncommon age for this lesion. Te patient was brought for treatment at the Research and Clinical Center of Dental Trauma in Primary Teeth, where practice for the Discipline of Pediatric Dentistry (Faculty of Dentistry, University of S˜ ao Paulo, Brazil) takes place. During clinical examination, a tissue growth was detected on the lingual gingival mucosa of the lower right primary incisors teeth. Te lesion was excised under local anesthesia and submitted to histological examination at the Oral Pathology Department of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of S˜ ao Paulo, which confrmed the diagnosis of giant cell fbroma. Tere was no recurrence afer 20 months of monitoring. Tis instance reinforces the importance of oral care from the very frst months of life in order to enable doctors to make precocious diagnosis and ofer more appropriate treatments for oral diseases, as well as to promote more efcient oral health in the community. 1. Introduction Te giant cell fbroma is a nonneoplastic lesion with dis- tinctive clinic-pathologic features [1]. Te name “giant cell fbroma” has been assigned due to the presence of large stellate and multinucleated fbroblasts which are mainly in the lamina propria near the epithelium [1–4]. Te giant cell fbroma usually occurs at young age, and it is more common in the second and third decades of life [5– 7]. Te prevalence is reported to be high in Caucasians with a slight female predilection [4, 8]. Lesions diagnosed in older people are likely to have already existed for many years [2]. Most cases predominantly occur on the mandibular gingiva [4, 8, 9]. However, the apex and lateral border of the tongue, buccal mucosa, palate, lip, and foor of the mouth are also common sites [2, 9, 10]. From a clinical perspective, the giant cell fbroma lesion appears as an asymptomatic pedunculated nodule with a papillary-like surface. Te examined lesions were small, measuring less than 1 cm in diameter [1, 4, 11], frequently less than 0.5 cm [2–4, 10], which may cause them to be mistaken for a papilloma or gingival hyperplasia [11]. Te consistency can vary from sof to frm [12]. It is a slow-growing lesion [10]. Histologically, the giant cell fbroma is an uncapsulated mass of loose fbrous connective tissue, noninfammatory, and covered with stratifed squamous hyperplastic epithelium [1, 4, 11]. Te conclusive diagnostic features of these lesions Hindawi Publishing Corporation Case Reports in Dentistry Volume 2016, Article ID 7058356, 5 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7058356