Development and characterization of Ti-TiC composites by powder metallurgy route using recycled machined Ti chips Pilli Jaya Teja a , Satya Ranjan Shial a , Debasis Chaira b , Manoj Masanta a,⇑ a Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India b Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India article info Article history: Received 1 January 2020 Accepted 13 February 2020 Available online xxxx Keywords: Ti-TiC composite Ball milling Powder metallurgy Sintering Hardness Wear resistance abstract In this work, Ti-TiC composite have been prepared by powder metallurgy technique using recycled tita- nium chips and graphite powder. From the Ti chips obtained from the machining of Ti bar, at first Ti pow- der was prepared by ball milling method. Then the prepared Ti powder was mixed with graphite (C) powder at 48:12 (wt.) ratio and compacted at different compaction pressure (400–700 MPa) and subse- quently sintered at 1200 °C temperature. The sintered pellets were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The density of the composite pellets was mea- sured by Archimedes principle. The hardness value of the produced TiC-Ti composite was assessed by Vickers micro-indentation method, and the wear behaviour was evaluated by sliding wear test using ball on disc wear tester. The experimental results revealed that by combined ball milling and sintering route Ti-TiC composite can be prepared from the waste Ti chips, and the compaction pressure has a significant effect on the properties of the prepared composite. Ó 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and of the scientific committee of the 10th International Conference of Materials Processing and Characterization. 1. Introduction Although, titanium and its alloys have attracted properties like low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, their applications are yet restricted in adverse environment because of their relatively low hardness and poor wear resistance [1]. On the contrary, applications of ceramic parti- cles reinforced titanium matrix composites (TMCs) have increased in recent years due to their low cost, excellent mechanical proper- ties and ease of fabrication [2–4]. TiC is one of the most commonly used reinforcements due to its good chemical compatibility and low deviation in thermal expansion coefficient with the Ti matrix [5]. Different methods of preparation of TiC-Ti composites in a rel- atively wide range of TiC % were proposed by various research groups [6,7]. In-situ synthesis of reinforcement carbide is an effec- tive method to produce an MMC with elevated mechanical bond- ing between the carbide particles and the metal matrix by formation of a gradient interface. The preparation of TiC-Ti and Ti 2 C-Ti composites by combustion synthesis reactions during in process melting and casting route was also proposed [8,9]. In-situ TiC particles formed via the chemical reaction between Ti matrix and a carbon source during the fabrication process ensures a strong metallurgical bonding between Ti/TiC interfaces. Licheri et al. [10] synthesized TiC-Ti composites from elemental powders by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) process. It was revealed that with the change in carbon and tita- nium ratio, TiCx-Ti composites containing Ti metal in the range of 0–25 wt% can be prepared. Wang et al. [6] synthesized TiC/Ti- alloy composites with different percentage of TiC through in-situ casting route. From the literature it was revealed that Ti-TiC metal matrix composites have great potential to work under adverse environ- ment like abrasive or adhesive wear condition. However, due to the initial cost of Ti and TiC powder, manufacturing cost of Ti-TiC composite become very high. Moreover, advanced processing methods further enhance the cost of the Ti-TiC metal matrix com- posites. This work aims to investigate the reuse of Ti chips obtained from the turning operation and formation of Ti-TiC composite by in-situ reaction between Ti and graphite powder by ball milling and subsequent sintering method. The microstructure of the Ti-TiC composites produced with stoichiometry ratio of Ti and C https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.02.467 2214-7853/Ó 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and of the scientific committee of the 10th International Conference of Materials Processing and Characterization. ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail address: manoj.masanta@gmail.com (M. Masanta). Materials Today: Proceedings xxx (xxxx) xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Materials Today: Proceedings journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/matpr Please cite this article as: P. Jaya Teja, S. Ranjan Shial, D. Chaira et al., Development and characterization of Ti-TiC composites by powder metallurgy route using recycled machined Ti chips, Materials Today: Proceedings, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.02.467