Sudaryat, Pembelajaran Menulis Berbasis Modeling 37 Yayat Sudaryat (e-mail: kisudar yat_sunda@yahoo.com) adalah dosen Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Daerah, FPBS, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Setiabudhi 229 Bandung 37 Pembelajaran Menulis Berbasis Modeling Yayat Sudaryat Abstract: This study was based on the issue that the Indonesia high school student’s writing ability was still low. Therefore, it was needed to find out the factors causing the problem and solution to overcome in through the implementation of the strategi modeling berbasis teks (SMBT) or text- based modelling strategy (TBMS). It would provide teachers with alternatives for teaching writing that enable students to increase their ability in writing an essay. The study used the experimental methods with The Randomaized Pretest-Postest Comparison Group Design. The data were collected in the forms of essay, questionnaire, interviews result, document, and observation result. The data collected were processed in quantitative and qualitative methods. The main source of the data were the students of SMA YAS Bandung. The result of this study proved that the SMBT could overcome the hindrance of writing, and it was also effective in increasing the students competence of writing an essay. The value of significance of three groups (SPK, SMD, and SMBT) essay writing competence was 0.000. In the validity level of 95%, the value of significance was less than 0.05; therefore, the Ho was rejected. The result was also valid for significance value of the essay writing aspect’s competence (substantive, textual, lexical, syntactic, and graphemic). Though they altogether increased the writing competence, it was seen that the SMBT was much better and more effectictive than the SMD and SPK. The study found that the procedure composed dand applied in the SMBT, that has never done before, contributed positively to the increase of writing competence. Kata kunci: pembelajaran, menulis, modeling Pengkajian ihwal kompetensi menulis dalam bahasa Indonesia serta peningkatannya melalui strategi pembelajaran berbasis modeling ini dilatarbelakangi beberapa hal. Pertama, menulis menjadi kebutuhan insan pendidikan yang tidak terelakkan. Namun, masih banyak siswa SMA yang mengeluhkan betapa sulitnya menulis, padahal pembelajaran menulis sudah diberikan sejak SD dan SMP. Kesulitan itu berasal dari faktor internal siswa seperti watak, mental, atau kepribadian maupun kesulitan eksternal seperti cara menemukan topik atau persoalan, mencari atau me- nemukan bahan penulisan, menyusun kalimat efektif, menyusun paragraf yang baik, dan menguasai kaidah menulis (Maslakhah,2005:21-28). Lemahnya kete- rampilan menulis kalangan pendidikan di Indonesia disebabkan oleh faktor kultural, faktor sosial, dan faktor kurikuler (Alwasilah, 2005:7). Berkaitan dengan hal itu, Oshima & Hogue (1999:3) mengungkapkan bahwa “Writing, particu- larly academic writing, is not easy”. Memang Arswendo Atmowiloto (1991) mengatakan bahwa “menulis itu gampang”, namun tampaknya lebih bersifat kemampuan individual daripada kompetensi kolektif. Nurgiyantoro (2001:296) mengakui bahwa kemampuan menulis lebih sulit dikuasai daripada kemampuan berbahasa lainnya, sekalipun oleh pe- nutur asli. Aktivitas menulis merupakan bentuk manifestasi kemampuan berbahasa paling akhir di- kuasai siswa setelah kemampuan mendengarkan, berbicara, dan membaca. Kedua, kompetensi menulis berkaitan dengan kompetensi bahasa (language competence), yakni “the speaker or hearer’s knowledge of his lan- guage”. Kompetensi hanya teramati dan terpahami melalui performansi bahasa ( language perfor- mance), yakni “ the actual use of language in concrete situations” (Chomsky, 1965:4). Kompe- tensi bahasa mencakup kompetensi organisasional