208 https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/index
Scientifc Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2022 Mar 11; 10(F):208-214.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8345
eISSN: 1857-9655
Category: F - Review Articles
Section: Systematic Review Article
Patient Safety Education for Clinical Students: A Systematic
Literature Review
Santi Anugrahsari* , Uwes Anis Chaeruman , Hafd Abbas, Suryadi Suryadi
Department of Educational Management, Universitas Negeri, Negeri, Jakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Patient safety education has been studied from diverse views, from academic to the professional
level, yet research on its efective learning methods remain limited.
AIM: This study investigated the implementation of patient safety in the hospital, the signifcance of patient safety
education for students, and the search for efective practical learning methods.
METHODS: It employs a systematic review of articles from 2011 to 2021.
RESULTS: The research result indicates that patient safety implementation in the hospitals and patient safety
education are currently signifcant trends in search of efective learning methods. Several studies denote that
E-Learning and videos on patient safety can efectively increase the students’ knowledge, skill, and attitude.
CONCLUSION: With the limitations of scientifc writing related to patient safety learning in clinical learners, it is
expected that this study can contribute to the development of patient safety teaching in the future. Future research
may further examine and analyze the efect of instructional videos in detail.
Edited by: Sasho Stoleski
Citation: Anugrahsari S, Chaeruman UA, Abbas H,
Suryadi S. Patient Safety Education for Clinical Students:
A Systematic Literature Review. Open Access Maced J
Med Sci. 2022 Mar 11; 10(F):208-214.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8345
Keywords: E-learning; Health facilities; Medical and
nursing student; Patient safety
*Correspondence: Santi Anugrahsari, Universitas Negeri,
Jakarta, Indonesia. E-mail: santianugrah@gmail.com
Received: 21-Dec-2021
Revised: 02-Feb-2022
Accepted: 01-Mar-2022
Copyright: © 2022 Santi Anugrahsari, Uwes Anis
Chaeruman, Hafd Abbas, Suryadi Suryadi
Funding: This research did not receive any fnancial
support
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no
competing interests exist
Open Access: This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Introduction
Studies indicated an estimated 98,000−44,000
death rate from preventable medical errors, causing
it the third-highest mortality cause in the United
States [1]. Patient safety is highly signifcant and
it should be refected in the patient safety culture.
Education regarding patient safety among the health-
care professional is still limited [2]. Meanwhile, patient
safety culture is supposed to be instilled early in
the health education and nursing education as the
knowledge, skills, and attitudes of medical personnel
in the hospital are highly prominent. Clinical learners,
such as prospective nurses and future doctors, who are
attending medical education in the hospitals should be
equipped with a patient safety skill.
The lack of knowledge on patient safety
among medical students shows the inefciency of
education. Therefore, the safety of patients in all
medical and paramedical students must be prioritized
and considered, requiring a better policy to improve
patient safety [3]. Integrated education on patient safety
at all medical and health education levels can prevent
medical errors [4]. Hence, developing a strategy
for all hospital employees is necessary to increase
patient safety perception [5]. All levels of health-care
professionals need to receive patient safety training
and education.
Efcient hospital management requires
patient safety improvement [6]. It is achievable through
informative and collaborative workshops, pursuing
education, and creating incident reporting systems.
Many studies confrm the importance of patient safety
in hospitals through quantitative, qualitative, mixed-
method, and meta-analysis methods. They primarily
focus on patient safety education in teaching hospitals,
from undergraduate students to health professionals.
These eforts require a hospital culture designed around
patient safety and continuing education programs to
provide high-quality service and patient safety [7].
The research recommends identifying interventions
to improve the culture and patient safety and reduce
side efects. Policies, systems, and cultures that assist
patients and health-care professionals should be
developed [8]. There is a positive attitude surrounding
safety issues among health-care professionals and open
discussions about patient safety and adverse events.
Therefore, professionals require further knowledge and
skills on patient safety to understand the current situation
[9]. However, only a few previous studies examined the
appropriate learning methods for clinical students. This