Nanomed Res J 5(3):256-264, Summer 2020 RESEARCH ARTICLE Catgut enriched with CuSO 4 nanopartcles as a surgical suture: Morphology, Antbacterial actvity, Cytotoxicity and Tissue reacton Ali Alirezaie Alavije 1 , Milad Rajabi 1 , Farid Barat 1 , Moosa Javdani 1 , Iraj Karimi 2 , Mohammad Barat 3* , Mohsen Moradian 4 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran. 2 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran 3 Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran. 4 Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran * Corresponding Author Email: barat.m@kashanu.ac.ir Catgut was enriched with copper sulfate nanopartcles (CSNPs@Catgut), in order to develop a new composited suture with antbacterial and healing propertes. Introducing copper sulfate nanopartcles to catgut was performed using a reverse micro-emulsion technique. It is an interestng method because of easy handling and relatvely low costs. In the revers micro-emulsion medium, nano-spherical structures containing the salt soluton are created. The nano-spheres penetrate into catgut fbers and precipitate afer drying to form the salt nanopartcles. The prepared CSNPs@Catgut was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray difracton (XDR) technique, tensile strength, antbacterial actvity, and cytotoxicity tests. XRD and SEM confrmed the CuSO 4 nanopartcles formaton and grafing on catgut surface. Antbacterial propertes were illustrated by E. coli inhibiton zone and CSNPs@Catgut showed a signifcant antbacterial actvity compare with catgut. Results of cytotoxicity tests showed no diference between CSNPs@Catgut and catgut. The mechanical strength was improved and increased from 4.16 mm to 10.00 mm. Tissue reacton showed that necrosis and infammatory cells were reduced from acute to subacute on day 14. Therefore, CSNPs@Catgut can be introduced as a reliable candidate for wound management. ARTICLE INFO Artcle History: Received 02 Jun 2020 Accepted 23 Jul 2020 Published 01 Aug 2020 Keywords: Catgut suture Copper sulfate Micro-emulsion Nanopartcles Wound healing ABSTRACT How to cite this article Alirezaie Alavije A., Rajabi M., Barati F., Javdani M., Karimi I., Barati M., Moradian M.. Catgut enriched with CuSO4 nanoparticles as a surgical suture: Morphology, Antibacterial activity, Cytotoxicity and Tissue reaction . Nanomed Res J, 2020; 5(3): 256-264. DOI: 10.22034/nmrj.2020.03.006 Tis work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. INTRODUCTION Wounds are afected by bacteria and it can delay wound healing through a complex process. External materials such as surgical suture and ex vivo pathogen can cause complications, such as infection in surgical site [1-5]. Surgical sutures are sterile flament to support the healing process. Tey classifed according to their degradation, composition and suture, including absorbable, non-absorbable, monoflament and multiflament [6-8]. Absorbable suture are divided to natural and synthetics, digested by enzymes and hydroxylation during the wound closure process, respectively. Gut and chromic gut are absorbable sutures that remain in the cutaneous and other tissue for 21-28 days afer embedding. Poor knot security and high level of proteolytic enzyme in infammatory cells are among the limitations of these stitches[9, 10]. Te presence of sutures at surgical site have some adverse efects, such as surgical infection, clinical problems, prolong hospitalization and rising of health care cost [11-13]. Chromic catgut, the catgut sutures with chromic salts to crosslink the collagen molecules, have been widely used. At the frst, carbolic acid was developed in 1881, afer then ethylene oxide has been replaced for suture sterilization [14]. In recent years, suture coated with