Vol.:(0123456789)
Polymer Bulletin
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-019-02870-4
1 3
ORIGINAL PAPER
Efect of morphology alteration on mechanical properties
and fracture toughness of polypropylene/polyamide 6/
ethylene polypropylene diene monomer graft maleic
anhydride (PP/PA6/EPDM‑g‑MA) reactive ternary blends
M. Hasanpour
1,2
· M. K. Razavi Aghjeh
1,2
· M. Mehrabi Mazidi
1,2
· B. Afsari
1,2
Received: 9 January 2019 / Revised: 11 June 2019 / Accepted: 27 June 2019
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract
Morphology, mechanical properties and fracture behavior of polypropylene/poly-
amide 6/ethylene polypropylene diene monomer graft maleic anhydride (PP/PA6/
EPDM-g-MA) ternary blends containing various amounts of the EPDM-g-MA
rubbery phase (from 0 to 9 wt%), with special attention to the structure–property
relationships through the core–shell morphology development, were studied. The
fracture surface, deformation micro-mechanisms and mechanical properties of the
blends were examined using feld emission scanning electron microscopy tech-
nique, tensile and impact tests, respectively. The fracture properties were character-
ized in detail by the linear elastic fracture mechanics method. The fracture energy
(G
C
), fracture toughness (K
IC
) and impact strength were improved monotonically
up to some EPDM-g-MA content, above which the characteristics were appreciably
enhanced. These results were attributed to an alteration of this morphology from
dispersion of PA6/EPDM-g-MA core–shell particles at low EPDM-g-MA contents
to the aggregated structure of core–shell particles at higher EPDM-g-MA contents.
The micro-void formation via activation of internal cavitation or debonding of the
rubbery phase was found to be responsible for the stress whitening phenomenon that
occurred during the impact fracture process and, hence, increased impact toughness.
* M. Hasanpour
maryam.hassanpour@ut.ac.ir
1
Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, Sahand New Town, Tabriz,
Iran
2
Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Sahand New Town, Tabriz,
Iran