Advances in Clinical Toxicology ISSN: 2577-4328 MEDWIN PUBLISHERS Commited to Create Value for Researchers The Level of Lead (Pb) among Students in Qatar Schools and its Relationship to Academic Achievement and Violent Behavior Adv Clin Toxicol The Level of Lead (Pb) among Students in Qatar Schools and its Relationship to Academic Achievement and Violent Behavior Alkhatib AJ 1 * and Alalawneh MAA 2 1 Department of Legal Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Jordan 2 Ministry of Higher Education, Qatar *Corresponding author: Ahed J Alkhatib, Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, International Mariinskaya Academy, department of medicine and critical care, department of philosophy, Academician secretary of department of Sociology, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Jordan, Tel: 00962795905145; Email: ajalkhatib@just.edu.jo Research Article Volume 5 Issue 3 Received Date: June 12, 2020 Published Date: July 06, 2020 DOI: 10.23880/act-16000187 Abstract Introduction: Lead (Pb) has no any known biological or physiological function in the body. Its accumulation has been associated with various damaging effects, particularly in the nervous system. Study objectives: to measure the lead concentration of two groups of school students in Qatar: a group of students with good academic achievement and a group of students with low academic achievement; and to explore different patterns of behavior related to perceptions of violence between student groups and to check if this can be linked to lead exposure. Methods and subjects: a case control study was conducted. Study sample included 40 schoolchildren students assigned into two groups: group I (N=20) includes students with good academic achievement, and group II (N=20) includes students with bad academic achievements. Urine samples were taken from all students and tested for lead concentration by atomic spectrometer. Study findings: lead concentration in-group I (0.00015±0.00007pg/ml) was significantly lower than that in-group II (0.0114±0.008 pg/ml), (p=0.008). The modes of behaviors in-group II pointed to rioting modes that involve insulting teachers, colleagues and school properties. Conclusions: schoolchildren with bad academic achievements tend to have high levels of lead, which is expected to influence their modes of behaviors. Keywords: Lead; Exposure; Schoolchildren; Academic Achievement; Behaviors Introduction Lead (Pb) is a common substance in our environment. It has no known physiological roles in biological systems [1,2]. When exposed to it, it is absorbed inside the body and kept for a long time in the blood and bone. Lead exposure is linked to multiple damages to the various systems in the body, such as the nervous system, which leads to poor academic achievement and growing trends of violence, especially school violence [3]. Lead exposure has also been associated with mortality (principally because of cardiovascular diseases), impeded renal function, hypertension, fertility troubles, and bad pregnancy results. The accumulation of Pb in human organs is undesirable as it impacts metabolic pathways [4]. The amassing of Pb in people occurs through ingestion of food, drinking water, soil, and the inward breath of