PROCEEDINGS OF THE
AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL
Volume J7, Number 1, ttfj ".' I :
ERGODIC THEOREMS OF WEAK MIXING TYPE
LEE K. JONES AND MICHAEL LIN»
Abstract. Given a linear contraction T on a Banach space X and x G X,
the convergence
Vx'ex'N-*? Kx*,T<x}\^^0
i=\
is shown to be equivalent to the convergence
sup AT"1 2 «Jc*, r*>x>| -» 0
lU'iKi y-i
for every subsequence with fc// bounded. A sufficient condition is that, for
some {/i,}, T"'x -* 0 weakly.
The following theorem gives a characterization of weak mixing for operators
in general Banach spaces, generalizing the well-known results for measure
preserving transformations. For more details see [2].
Theorem. Let T be a linear operator on a Banach space with supn>0||T"||
< oo, and let x G X. Then the following conditions are equivalent.
if) For every x* G X* we have lim^^ A-1 2JIi \(x*,TJx}\ = 0.
(a) suF> n-x 2 KxT.TJxX-^O.
||x*||<1 J-'
(iii) For every subsequence [kA with positive lower density (i.e., sup kJj < oo)
wehaveXimN^\\N-x 2^i Tk'x\ = 0.
(iv) For every subsequence [kj] with positive lower density,
sup N~x 2 \<x*,TkJx)\-R=^0.
\\x*\\<\ 7=1
Proof, (i) -» (ii): We first assume ||T|| < X. Let B = {x* G X* : \\x*\\
< 1). B is a compact Hausdorff space in the w*-topology, and T*iB) G B.
Since T* is w*-continuous on B, the operator Afix*) =/(T*x*) is a
contraction of C(5). Forg(x*) = |<x*,x>|, we have by (i) that A"1 2/-1 AJg
—* 0 pointwise. Hence for p G C(ß) satisfying A* ¡i = 'u we have <p,g) = 0,
Received by the editors March 21, 1975.
AMS (MOS) subjectclassifications (1970).Primary 47A35; Secondary 28A65,60J05.
Key words and phrases. Ergodic theorems, weak mixing.
1 Research supported in part by NSF grant GP 34118.
© American Mathematical Society 1976
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