Citation: Khalil, M.K.; Khalil, R.
Leveraging Buyers’ Interest in ESG
Investments through Sustainability
Awareness. Sustainability 2022, 14,
14278. https://doi.org/10.3390/
su142114278
Academic Editors: Ohbyung Kwon,
Sujin Bae and Min-jeong Suh
Received: 22 September 2022
Accepted: 13 October 2022
Published: 1 November 2022
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sustainability
Article
Leveraging Buyers’ Interest in ESG Investments through
Sustainability Awareness
Muhammad Khuram Khalil
1,2,
* and Rashid Khalil
1,3,
*
1
Department of Management Studies, Middle East College, Knowledge Oasis, Muscat 124, Oman
2
Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
3
College of Business, University Utara Malaysia, Bukit Kayu Hitam 60610, Malaysia
* Correspondence: mkhalil@mec.edu.om or khuramkhalil93@gmail.com (M.K.K.); rkhalil@mec.edu.om or
rashid_khalil@oyagsb.uum.edu.my (R.K.)
Abstract: Currently, organizations often take into consideration the environmental, social, and gover-
nance (ESG) principles by following a more inclusive approach together with potential other emerging
practices that attract more consumers who have particular affiliations with the environment. This
study investigates the influence of social and environmental sustainability awareness practices on
impulse buying through a proposed set of hypotheses. The hypothetical model is based on (441) valid
responses from Omani buyers via an online research survey. Data were processed using CFA and
SEM techniques. Results indicate that social and environmental sustainability awareness has a pro-
ductive relationship with green trust that strengthens impulse buying. Environmental sustainability
awareness positively links with green altruism, which further enhances the impulse. By taking gender
as a moderator, it has an encouraging impact on social and environmental sustainability awareness.
Environmental sustainability awareness and green altruism have a constructive relationship within
males rather than females. Based on the unique connection between sustainability practices and
impulse buying, the current study’s results indicate that if firms take appropriate steps to implement
sustainability practices in their operations, sustainability commitment can promote the environmental
and social well-being of consumers and the establishment of trust. Such practices enable companies
to achieve their sustainability reporting goals and SDGs. Social and environmental sustainability
practices protect from the harmful effects of social and environmental influences in mitigating the
uncertainty of consumers’ buying behavior. Such productive sustainability practices compel buyers
to purchase products impulsively at premium prices. The study strongly recommends policymakers
and marketers focusing on environmental and social sustainability awareness and green altruism.
Keywords: social sustainability awareness; environmental sustainability awareness; impulse buying;
ESG; structural equation modeling
1. Introduction
Consumers have shown their concerns about social and environmental safety in recent
years due to the deleterious effects of COVID-19 and climate action. Consumers are aware
of environmental degradation caused by the ingredients used for everyday product us-
age [1]. As the cause of environmental pollution and degradation, consumers have become
seriously conscious about their consumption patterns for the protection of the environ-
ment, and their interest and intention toward sustainable offerings have grown to such an
extent that they are ready to pay more for such products [2]. Apart from relying on and
satisfying their personal needs in terms of social and environmental safety, the consumer
has become a key concern [3]. There is a chance that the buyer’s purchase decisions are
likely to be influenced by this increasing awareness and their inclination toward impulse
buying [4]. Furthermore, firms emphasize sustainability practices due to strict environmen-
tal regulation mechanisms and increasing stakeholders’ pressure regarding environmental
Sustainability 2022, 14, 14278. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114278 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability