2162-2248/18©2018IEEE 106 IEEE CONSUMER ELECTRONICS MAGAZINE
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JANUARY 2018
I
n 2016, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) issued new guidelines regarding the use
and prescription of opioids for the treatment of chronic pain
[1]. Today, “the CDC recommends that opioids should not
be the first line or only treatment for patients who present
with chronic noncancer pain” [2]. Additionally, the National
Institute on Drug Abuse suggests that cognitive-behavioral
therapy (CBT) offers significant advantages and is effective for
pain management in many situations where narcotics were pre-
viously prescribed. The American College of Physicians has
also released new guidelines for the treatment of lower back
pain and recommends a nonnarcotic CBT-based approach [3].
These new approaches come at a time when new technologies
are being developed as a means to enhance patient engagement
and education and to supplement care with information and
communication technologies (ICTs) (Figure 1) [4], [5]. For
more than 20 years, researchers and clinicians have been
applying technologies, such as virtual reality (VR), to conquer
specific phobias and anxiety disorders, overcome posttraumat-
ic stress disorder (PTSD), and rehabilitate patients suffering
from chronic pain or other debilitating incidents [6]–[9].
The use of VR for pain and anxiety reduction is well docu-
mented. For example, a study published in 2014 of five adult
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCE.2017.2715365
Date of publication: 13 December 2017
Using
Virtual Reality
to Mobilize
Health Care
Mobile virtual reality technology
for attenuation of anxiety and pain.
By Brenda K. Wiederhold, Ian T. Miller,
and Mark D. Wiederhold
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