www.ijecs.in International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science ISSN: 2319-7242 Volume 4 Issue 9 Oct 2015,Page No. 14565-14569 Dr. Vibhakar Shrimali 1 IJECS Volume 04 Issue 10 October, 2015 Page No.14565-14569 Page 14565 Performance Evaluation Of Bandwidth Scheduling Techniques In Passive Optical Networks Dr. Vibhakar Shrimali 1 , Dr. Manoj Kumar Taneja 2 , Mr. Abhishek Gaur 3 1 (Associate Professor & Head, Ece Deptt. Gb Pant Govt. Engg. College, Delhi, India) 2 (Associate Professor, Usict, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, India) 2 (Assistant Professor, Ece Deptt., Gb Pant Govt. Engg. College, Delhi, India) Abstract— Passive Optical Networks are thought to be ONU User 1 the next step in the development of Access Networks and providing broadband access in the ”last mile” area. Ethernet PONs (EPON) gain the most attention from the industry as they offer highly flexible, cost ONU User 2 effective solution. In this paper we propose algorithms that provide Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation and shift the burden of queue management from the customer to the OLT network, this results in less complicated and more generic equipment used on the customer’ s premises. We show the results of simulations to validate the effectiveness of ONU User M algorithms presented. I. Introduction With the increasing popularity of the Internet the traffic generated by domestic and small business users ONU User N has been growing constantly over the last couple of years. Various technologies have been deployed to provide broadband access to the network in the area known as the ”last mile”. As network operators strive for cost efficiencies, Passive Optical Network (PON) seem to be the next step in the development of Access Networks (AN). A PON is a point-to-multipoint all optical network with no active elements in the path between the signal source and the destination. On the network side there is an Optical Line Terminator (OLT) unit. The OLT is usually placed in the local exchange and it acts as a point of access to the Wide or Metropolitan Area Network. On the customer’ s side there is an Optical Network Unit (ONU). An ONU can be placed either in the curb, building or home and its primary task is to convert data between optical and electrical domains. Two protocols, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and Ethernet, have been proposed as the trans- mission protocol in PONs. In recent years EPONs have gained more attention from the industry. The architecture of an Ethernet network is simple yet extremely efficient. Interoperability between old and new networks can easily be maintained and legacy solutions can be used as EPON data is carried in standard Ethernet frames. Typically EPON networks are connected in a tree topology with multiple ONUs attached to a single OLT by means of optical splitters as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In a downstream (network→user) transmission the OLT uses all the available bandwidth to broadcast Fig. 1. Downstream transmission in EPON. packets through the splitter/coupler to every ONU. Each ONU extracts packets from the stream based on the Medium Access Control (MAC) address. In the upstream direction packets sent by an ONU can only reach the OLT as optical splitter prevents an ONU from receiving packets from other ONUs. In order to avoid collisions between frames from different ONUs at the optical splitter available bandwidth must be shared among all ONUs. The OLT is responsible for assigning a non-overlapping time- slot to each ONU, and ONUs can only transmit during that time-slot. During an off period packets are buffered and when the time arrives send in a burst using all the available bandwidth. One of the key features of EPON networks is their ability to support Differentiated Services (DiffServ) [1] architecture and offer various levels of quality of service (QoS). Generally three classes of traffic can be distinguished: Expedited Forwarding (EF), Assured Forwarding (AF), and Best Effort (BE). EF services (primarily voice and video) have very strict requirements and demand a constant, low end-to- end delay and jitter. AF services tend to be less sensitive to packet delay but require a guaranteed amount of band- width. BE traffic is generated by applications that have no strong requirements regarding traffic properties. In this paper we analyze various Dynamic Band- width Allocation (DBA) algorithms that support