1 THIEME Review Article Wilckodontics: The Periodontal Orthodontics Ritunja Singh 1 Shilpa Chourasia 1 Palak Sharma 1 Soumya Gupta 2 Gangesh B. Singh 3 Ankita Srivastava 1 1 Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India 2 Department of Orthodontics, Rungta College of Dental Science and Research Institute, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India 3 Department of Orthodontics, Govt Dental College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India received August 31, 2018 accepted after revision November 13, 2018 Address for correspondence Ritunja Singh, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur 495001, Chhattisgarh, India (e-mail: ritunja21@gmail.com). Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO), also known as Wilckodon- tics, is a clinical procedure that combines corticotomy (a surgical technique in which the bone is cut, perforated, or mechanically altered), particulate bone grafting, and orthodontic force application. By this procedure, the teeth can be made to move through the bone rapidly by means of harnessing and stimulating the innate potential of the bone and utilizing tissue engineering principles. Once the tooth movement gets completed, bone rebuilds around the tooth, thereby reducing the time of orthodontic treatment from years to months. This article aims to present a comprehensive review about PAOO or Wilckodontics. Abstract Keywords ► corticotomy ► tissue engineering ► Wilckodontics Dent J Adv Stud DOI https://doi.org/ 10.1055/s-0038-1677628 ISSN 2321-1482. ©2018 Bhojia Dental College and Hospital affiliated to Himachal Pradesh University Introduction The term Wilckodontics or periodontally accelerated osteo- genic orthodontics (PAOO) describes a classic relationship between orthodontic and periodontic specialties by which orthodontic tooth movement can synchronize with tissue engineering principle of periodontal regenerative surgery to • move the teeth rapidly through the bone 1 ; • reduce appliance-associated discomfort; • and increase stability through the creation of novel local osseous phenotype. 2 In this procedure, surgical trauma triggers the release of inflammatory mediator leading to vasodilation of blood vessels and increasing the recruitment of osteoclasts at surgical sites. This in turn accelerates bone remodeling, whereas, on the other hand, corticotomy decreases the bone mineral density, thereby decreasing the resistance of dentoalveolar tissues to orthodontic forces and increased risk of root resorption. 3 Historical Background The concept of corticotomy-facilitated tooth movement was first described in 1893, by L. C. Bryan, which was then published in textbook by Guillford. 4 In 1959, Henrich Kole said that the resistance to tooth movement was caused by the thickness and continuity of the cortical bone. This led to the invention of “bony block movement” in which he stated that by disrupting the continuity of the cortical bone, it was possible to move the blocks of bone in which the teeth were embedded. In 1975, Duker studied the effect of corticotomy on the tooth, vitality, and concluded that the marginal bone must be pre- served and interdental cuts should be made 2 mm apical to level of alveolar crest. 5 This technique was then modified by Wilcko et al, in which they included alveolar augmentation along with corticotomy assisted orthodontic tooth movement by using combination of de-mineralized freeze dried bone allograft (DFDBA)/xenograft/absorbable allograft and named it as PAOO. 6 Criteria for Patient Selection • Class 1 malocclusion with moderate to severe crowding or constricted maxilla. • Severe bimaxillary protrusion. • Mild class III malocclusion. • Class II malocclusion requiring expansion. • Molar uprighting. • Facilitate eruption of impacted teeth.