Data Descriptor: A distribution and taxonomic reference dataset of Geranium in the New World Carlos Aedo 1 & Francisco Pando 1 Geranium L. is a genus of over 350 species distributed throughout most of the world, except in lowland tropical areas. It is the largest genus of the Geraniaceae and is represented in the New World by 137 species. This dataset includes 8,937 records that covers the genus Geranium the New World, providing an updated, taxonomically consistent and a sound geographical distribution of the 137 species of Geranium in America. Specimens from 128 herbaria were reviewed. These were supplemented by others collected during nine field trips, which allowed better knowledge of the variability of characters within populations, and refining species distribution ranges. Each record represents a specimen that has been reviewed and in some cases collected by C. Aedo. Accepted scientific name, locality details, distribution status (introduced, native, naturalized, uncertain), geographic coordinates are given for 8,538 (95%) records, and habitat information for 3,952 (44%). All data have been released under a CC-BY license in a standardized format, which enables easy integration with other data, for example through GBIF.org. Design Type(s) data integration objective Measurement Type(s) biodiversity assessment objective Technology Type(s) digital curation Factor Type(s) Sample Characteristic(s) Geranium • Americas 1 Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, 28014 Madrid, Spain. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to F.P. (email: pando@rjb.csic.es). OPEN Received: 19 January 2017 Accepted: 24 February 2017 Published: 11 April 2017 www.nature.com/scientificdata SCIENTIFIC DATA | 4:170049 | DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2017.49 1