Article The determination of park fees in support of benefit sharing in Southern Africa Johane Dikgang University of Johannesburg, South Africa Edwin Muchapondwa University of Cape Town, South Africa; Lulea ˚ University of Technology, Sweden Abstract Sharing conservation revenue with communities surrounding parks could demonstrate the link between ecotourism and local communities’ economic development, promote a positive view of land restitution involving parks, help address skewed distribution of income in the vicinity of parks and act as an incentive for local communities to participate in conservation even more. This article estimates the visitation demand function for Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (KTP) in order to determine the appropriate conservation fee to charge visitors to maximize park revenue. The data were generated from contingent behaviour experiments on South African residents at KTP and three other parks deemed as either substitutes or complements for visitors to KTP. Our results suggest that there is sheer underselling of the recreational opportunity at KTP, which implies that there is room for generating extra revenue to support benefit sharing arrangements with the local communities. The conservation fees at KTP can increase by as much as 115%, thereby almost doubling current revenue after accounting for the drop in visitation which will be triggered by the increase. Keywords conservation fee, contingent behaviour, demand, land claim, national park Introduction Since 1994, remedial policy has been a key priority for the post-apartheid South African gov- ernment. The most important remedial policy, particularly from the point of view of the national Corresponding author: Johane Dikgang, Public and Environmental Economics Research Centre (PEERC), Department of Economics and Econometrics, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway & University Road, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa. Email: jdikgang@uj.ac.za Tourism Economics 1–19 ª The Author(s) 2016 Reprints and permission: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1354816616655254 te.sagepub.com