11
© 2020 Conscientia Beam. All Rights Reserved.
ANALYSIS OF MORAL REASONING OF TEACHERS AND THE STUDENTS WITH
RESPECT TO KOHLBERGS THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT
Muhammad
Hafeez
1+
Fatima Tahira
2
Qaiser Abbas Kazmi
3
Muhammad Zahid
Hussain
4
1,2
Department of Science Education, Allama Iqbal Open University,
Islamabad, Dera Ghazi Khan Campus, Pakistan.
3
Regional Director Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Dera Ghazi
Khan Campus, Pakistan.
4
Government Boys College Block No.17, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
(+ Corresponding author)
ABSTRACT
Article History
Received: 14 February 2020
Revised: 23 March 2020
Accepted: 28 April 2020
Published: 18 May 2020
Keywords
Koherlberg‟s theory
Moral reasoning
Moral development
DIT
Teacher.
Moral development of persons is a basic aim of education. According to Islamic
teachings success and failure of a person is judged on moral basis in this world and the
hereafter. This study focuses on analysis of moral reasoning of teachers and the
students with respect to Kohlberg‟s theory of moral development. The target
population for this study were teachers and students of secondary schools of district
Dera Ghazi Khan. Twenty secondary schools were randomly selected from district
Dera Ghazi Khan. Three (03) teachers and ten (10) students from each school were
selected using random sampling method. The total sample size was 60 teachers and 200
students. Data was selected by DIT (defining issue test). The collected data was
analyzed through descriptive analysis and chi-square test applied using SPSS. The
results revealed that the participants reasoned predominantly at the conventional level
of Kohlberg's moral reasoning which found that there is no significant difference
between the view of teachers and students towards moral reasoning.
Contribution/Originality: This study focuses on analysis of moral reasoning of teachers and the students with
respect to Kohlberg‟s theory of moral development.
1. INTRODUCTION
A serious challenge of the present age is to cultivate the morally developed, sensible and responsible citizens
(Batool & Shehzad, 2019). The origins for altruism must be looked for in the first behaviors and feelings of the child
and observe its evolution until the moral fundaments are constituted. The big issue is that between this behavior
and feelings, and the moral, there is an adult authority intervention, which produces a “short-circuit” in the
evolutionary course; besides that, the problem is overcoming the internal difficulties of his/her evolution. Such
evolution consists of overcoming the initial structural nature to build up another one qualitatively different
(Montoya, 2020). Much research and philosophical reflection has been done on religiosity and motivation toward
moral and pro-social behaviour (Ahmed, 2009); (Bloom, 2012); (Carpenter & Marshall, 2009); (Crosby & Smith,
2015); (Emmons, 2013); (Looy, 2004); (Pazhoohi, Pinho, & Arantes, 2017). Teachers are the most imperative tool in
refining schools and contributing to student accomplishment (Morgado, Meireles, Neves, Amaral, & Ferreira,
2018). Kohlberg‟s theory on moral development postulates that ethical reasoning is not static, but rather a person is
able to move up from one stage to the next. Therefore, we each have the ability to move to Kohlberg‟s Stage 5 when
faced with moral dilemmas. Any student who uses technology can be faced with a technology-related moral
International Journal of Business Strategy and Social Sciences
2020 Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 11-29
DOI: 10.18488/journal.171.2020.31.11.29
© 2020 Conscientia Beam. All Rights Reserved.