American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 15 (5): 837-842, 2015
ISSN 1818-6769
© IDOSI Publications, 2015
DOI: 10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2015.15.5.12602
Corresponding Author: Michael Arieh P. Medina, Department of Environmental Science, College of Forestry and Environmental
Science, Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon, Philippines 8715.
837
Estimating Methane Gas Emissions from Solid Waste Generated by
Households in an Urban Village in Bukidnon, Philippines
Michael Arieh P. Medina and Ronald Regan C. Forten
Department of Environmental Science, College of Forestry and Environmental Science,
Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon, Philippines 8715
Abstract: To provide inputs to solid waste management planning with a climate change perspective for an
urban village in Bukidnon, Philippines, a waste analysis and characterization study (WACS) was conducted
in Barangay Dologon, Maramag Town in Bukidnon, Philippines. Methane emissions from landfills based on
waste generation data were then estimated. From this, future waste management scenarios with different waste
diversion rate targets were tested in terms of methane emissions avoided. Descriptive statistics (mean and
percentage) were used in the data analysis. Furthermore, non-parametric inferential statistics (Friedman test and
Nemenyi test) were used to compare the different waste management scenarios in terms of its equivalent
methane emissions. The study found out that food waste is the main contributor of methane emissions in the
village which means a great potential for methane reduction through composting. Paper waste provides only
a minimal methane emission reduction due to the small amount of this type of waste from the village. A minimal
25% waste diversion rate in food, yard and mixed paper waste is enough to significantly decrease methane
emission from waste in the village. The study recommends streamlining of climate change mitigation in solid
waste management planning in the village.
Key words: Solid waste management Climate change Methane emissions Bukidnon Philippines
INTRODUCTION Thus, reduction of methane emissions from landfill sites
Though it is always understood that proper waste [3].
management helps protect the health and well-being of Methane comprises more than 55% of the
citizens, many failed to realize that solid waste also atmospheric concentration of all emissions from landfill
impacts climate change. The processes involved in the sites. Furthermore, carbon dioxide comprises more than
manufacture of products up to its disposal as waste all 37% of these emissions [4]. In the Philippines, the Manila
result in emissions of atmospheric gases called Observatory has recorded 6,357 kilotons of carbon
“greenhouse gases” that leads to global warming and dioxide emissions from solid waste in Philippine urban
climate change. When organic waste decomposes in populations in 1994. Aside from that 302.73 kilotons of
landfills and uncontrolled dumps, it produces methane, methane are produced from solid waste in the same year
one of the major greenhouse gases contributing to climate [5]. In a study conducted in Taiwan, the average methane
change [1]. Methane is second to carbon dioxide in being emission rate is estimated to be 13.17, 65.27 and 0.99
the largest contributor to global warming among mg/m /hr as measured by gas chromatography chamber
anthropogenic greenhouse gases. The global warming method in 1–2, 2–3 and 5 year-old landfill, respectively [6].
potential of methane (over a 100 year time horizon) is The alarming rate of methane production in our
21 times greater than that of carbon dioxide [2]. landfills where most of our household wastes end up,
Open dumping and improper landfilling of municipal motivated the researchers to look into this
solid waste (MSW) is reported to contribute to 3–19% of matter—addressing climate change through solid waste
the anthropogenic sources of methane emissions globally. management at the community level. A waste analysis and
would greatly reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
2