41 Journal of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers ISSN 1738-3692 Vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 41~51, July 2014 eISSN 2093-7709 DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.5389/KSAE.2014.56.4.041 Measurement and Comparison of Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients for Greenhouse Covering Materials with Thermal Screens 온실용 피복재 및 보온재의 관류열전달계수 측정 및 비교 Diop, Souleymane * Lee, Jong Won * Lee, Hyun Woo *, 소레이멘 디옵이종원이현우 ABSTRACT 천공복사를 구현할 수 있는 관류열전달계수 측정용 실내실험장치를 제작하고 국내에서 사용되고 있는 온실 피복재 및 보온재의 관류 열전달계수를 측정하여 실외실험에서 측정된 결과와 비교하여 타당성을 평가하였다. 외부피복은 0.1 mm 두께의 폴리에틸렌 필름을 사 용하여 일중 및 이중피복으로 처리하였다. 이중외부피복조건의 경우 4가지 종류의 보온재를 처리하여 총 6가지 피복처리에 대하여 실 험을 실시하였다. 모든 피복처리조건에 대하여 야간복사 유무에 따른 관류열전달계수 측정실험이 수행되었다. 천공복사의 유무에 따라 온실피복재의 관류열전달계수의 변화 경향이 크게 차이가 있었기 때문에 실내실험을 통해 관류열전달계수를 측정하기 위해서는 반드시 실제의 천공복사를 구현할 수 있는 실험장치가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 실내 실험결과와 실외 실험결과가 비교적 잘 일치하였으며 실 내실험장치를 이용하여 관류열전달계수를 측정하는 것이 타당성이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 천공복사 유무에 따른 관류열전달계수의 차이는 핫박스 내외부의 온도차이가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. Keywords: Hot box; indoor experiment; night sky radiation; outdoor experiment; polyethylene film; shelter I. INTRODUCTION * In 2012, single-span greenhouses account for 87.7 % with the area of 42,009 ha while multi-span greenhouses account for 12.3 % with the area of 5,915 ha among horticultural facilities of 47,924 ha in Korea. Single-span greenhouses use multilayer coverings (34.2 %), blanket (25.8 %), water curtain facilities (13.4 %) and multilayer screens (11.1 %) as heat insulations, while multi-span greenhouses use non-woven fabric curtains (44.1 %), multilayer screens (33.1 %) and aluminum screens (7.1 %). Most of greenhouses are equipped with heat insulation facilities to lower heat loss and with 18,876 ha, the facility areas to be heated account for 35.2 % of the total facility area (MIFAFF, 2013). Solutions to reduce heating costs are seriously required since heating costs are significantly * Department of Agricultural Engineering, Kyungpook National University Corresponding author Tel.: +82-53-950-5736 Fax: +82-53-950-6752 E-mail: whlee@knu.ac.kr 201462일 투고 2014715일 심사완료 2014717일 게재확정 high, accounting for 3040 % of the total production costs of controlled horticulture, and all of heating oil rely on imported ones and it is a great disadvantage to Korea's vegetables international competitive edge in terms of exporting vegetables (RDA, 2008). To optimize heating apparatus and heating operation of the greenhouse and evaluate the compliance of heating status, it is necessary to make an appropriate assessment on heating load and heating costs (Bailey and Chalabi, 1994; Baille et al., 2006). Even though the amount of heat loss of the greenhouse, which may cause heating load, is calculated by adding the amount of overall heat loss through covering materials, the amount of heat loss before ventilation resulted from gaps on the greenhouse surface and the amount of heat loss before underground by heat exchange between indoor air and soil, the amount of overall heat loss is dominative among them, accounting for 60 through 100 % of the total amount of heat loss so that it is the most decisive element for calculating the amount of heating load (JGHA, 1994; Kim et al., 2000). The amount of overall heat loss is generally calculated by multiplying the overall heat transfer coefficient