International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | July 2022 | Vol 10 | Issue 7 Page 1527
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Mahendra IGPW et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2022 Jul;10(7):1527-1530
www.msjonline.org pISSN 2320-6071 | eISSN 2320-6012
Case Series
The effectiveness comparison of the Otago home exercise program with
balance strategy exercise on dynamic balance in the elderly
I. Gede Putu Wahyu Mahendra
1
*, Luh Putu Ratna Sundari
2
,
Govinda Vittala
2
, Ni Made Rininta Adi Putri
3
INTRODUCTION
The elderly will experience changes in body functions
which caused by degenerative processes. One of the
changes that occur is in the musculoskeletal system, such
as a decrease in muscle mass that affects muscle strength,
especially in the upper and lower extremity muscles and
postural muscles, which will affect the ability of the
elderly to maintain balance and postural control.
1
Balance
is the ability of the body to maintain its position in a state
of rest (static) or when moving (dynamic). Balance
occurs through a complex interaction between sensory
system which includes vestibular, visual, somatosensory
and proprioceptive systems with motor system.
2
Decreased balance can cause various obstacles and can
cause injury to the elderly, one of which is falling.
Elderly people often experience falls due to various
factors such as accidents (31%), weak gait (17%) and
dizziness (13%).
3
One study reported that more than 2%
of falls caused hip fractures, more than 5% caused other
fractures, and more than 10% caused more serious
injuries such as head injuries.
4
ABSTRACT
Decreased balance can cause various obstacles and can cause injury to the elderly, one of which is falling. Falls cause
hip fractures and more serious injuries such as head injuries. The purpose of this study was to compare the
effectiveness of the Otago home exercise. The research sample consisted of 30 respondents who were divided into the
treatment group who received the Otago home exercise programme (OHEP) training as many as 15 respondents and
the control group who received the balance strategy exercise (BSE) training as many as 15 respondents. After training
3 times/week for 4 weeks results were obtained, the difference in the average increase in dynamic balance was
analyzed by paired sample t test before and after the intervention in the OHEP group with a p=0.000 (p<0.05) and the
BSE group with a p=0.000 (p<0.05) which means that there is a significant difference in the increase in dynamic
balance before and after training. Independent t test obtained p=0.000 (p<0.05) which means there is a significant
difference between the two groups. The average percentage increase in dynamic balance in the OHEP group was
greater than the BSE group with a difference of 12.36%. In conclusion based on the results of the study, it can be
concluded that the provision of the OHEP is better at improving dynamic balance than the BSE in the elderly.
Keywords: Elderly, Dynamic balance, OHEP me, Balance strategy exercise, Timed up and go test
1
Magister Program of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
2
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
3
Bachelor of Physiotherapy Study Program, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Dhyana Pura University, Bali,
Indonesia
Received: 06 June 2022
Revised: 20 June 2022
Accepted: 21 June 2022
*Correspondence:
I. Gede Putu Wahyu Mahendra,
E-mail: wahyumahendra10@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20221799