38 Copyright © 2020 The Korean Society of Sleep Medicine
pISSN 2093-9175 / eISSN 2233-8853
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Background and ObjectiveaaTe conventional criteria for body-mass index (BMI > 35 kg/m
2
)
and neck circumference (NC > 40 cm) in the snoring, tiredness, observed apnea, high blood pres-
sure, BMI, age, NC, and gender (STOP-Bang) Questionnaire may be too high to screen Korean ob-
structive sleep apnea (OSA) patients properly. We hypothesized that using a modifed STOP-Bang
Questionnaire with lower BMI and NC criteria may be more appropriate when screening South
Korean patients with OSA. We aimed to evaluate the utility of the modifed STOP-Bang Question-
naires and to compare it with that of conventional STOP or STOP-Bang Questionnaire.
MethodsaaTis was a cross-sectional single-center study done at Kyung Hee University Hospital
at Gangdong. Consecutive patients who underwent polysomnography and had done the STOP-
Bang Questionnaire between November 2010 and December 2017 were reviewed. We used alterna-
tive cut-of criteria for BMI as 30 kg/m
2
and for NC as 36.3 cm.
ResultsaaA total of 778 patients was evaluated; 73.1% of them had some OSA [apnea-hypopnea
index (AHI) > 5/hr] and 54.5% had moderate to severe OSA (AHI > 15/hr). Te area under the curve
(AUC) of the modifed STOP-Bang was slightly larger than for the conventional STOP-Bang or
STOP for having any OSA (AUC 0.787, 0.781, and 0.765, respectively) or for moderate to severe OSA
(AUC 0.749, 0.747, and 0.721). Te conventional STOP-Bang Questionnaire with a cut-of score of
3 identifed all OSA and moderate to severe OSA patients with a sensitivity of 94.7% and 96.9%, re-
spectively. Te modifed STOP-Bang showed improved sensitivity for any or moderate to severe OSA
of 95.6% and 98.1%, respectively, with a decrease in exchange for lower specifcity.
ConclusionsaaBecause of the high prevalence of undiagnosed OSA, the modifed STOP-Bang
might be more appropriate in screening South Korean patients with OSA.
Sleep Med Res 2020;11(1):38-43
Key Wordsaa STOP-Bang Questionnaire, Obstructive sleep apnea, Body mass index.
INTRODUCTION
Te STOP-Bang Questionnaire was frst developed in 2008 and validated for screening pa-
tients for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) surgery [1]. Te questionnaire includes eight dichot-
omous items related to the clinical features of OSA: four subjective (STOP: snoring, tiredness,
observed apnea, and high blood pressure) and four demographics items [Bang: body-mass in-
dex (BMI), age, neck circumference (NC), and gender]. Te cut-of criteria of 3 for STOP-Bang
is known to indicate a high risk of OSA, with sensitivity and specifcity of 83.6% and 56.4%, re-
spectively [1]. Given its ease of use and high sensitivity, the STOP-Bang Questionnaire has been
widely used in preoperative clinics, sleep clinics, the general population, and other special pop-
ulations to detect patients at high risk of OSA [2].
https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2020.00591
Usefulness of Using Alternative Body-Mass Index
and Neck Circumference Criteria for STOP-Bang Questionnaire
in Screening South Korean Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients
Jung-Ick Byun, MD, PhD
1,2
*, Dong-Ha Kim, MD
1
*, Jeong-Su Kim, MD
1
, Won Chul Shin, MD, PhD
1,2
1
Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
2
Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea
Received: May 23, 2020
Revised: June 11, 2020
Accepted: June 20, 2020
Correspondence
Won Chul Shin, MD, PhD
Department of Neurology,
Kyung Hee University at Gangdong,
892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu,
Seoul 05278, Korea
Tel +82-2-440-6166
Fax +82-2-440-7242
E-mail shin1chul@gmail.com
*Tese authors contributed equally to this work.
ORCID
Jung-Ick Byun
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6224-4575
Dong-Ha Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-9976
Jeong-Su Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2892-0365
Won-Chul Shin
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3044-9397
cc
Tis is an Open Access article distributed un-
der the terms of the Creative Commons Attribu-
tion Non-Commercial License (https://creative-
commons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution,
and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original work is properly cited.