Open Journal of Air Pollution, 2018, 7, 95-106
http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojap
ISSN Online: 2169-2661
ISSN Print: 2169-2653
DOI: 10.4236/ojap.2018.72005 Jun. 14, 2018 95 Open Journal of Air Pollution
Chemical and Morphological Characteristics of
Particulate Matter Suspended in the Air of the
Dhaka University Area of Bangladesh
Muhammad Nurul Huda
1*
, Shahid Akhtar Hossain
2
, Md Mominul Islam
3
, Md Fakrul Islam
1
1
Air Quality Research and Monitoring Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences
University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
2
Department of Soil Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
3
Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Abstract
Total suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the urban atmosphere of Dhaka
city was collected using a high volume sampling technique for a period of one
month (August 2017-September 2017). Chemical characterization of particu-
late matter (PM) was investigated, and characterized concerning the size dis-
tribution, morphological features such as count, total area, average size, peri-
meter, circularity, aspect ratio (AR), roundness; equivalent spherical diameter
(ESD), surface area and volume of PM. The results of elemental analysis
showed that the presence of heavy metal in PM was ten to hundred times
higher than the standard value prescribed by WHO and USEPA. Several
morphological analysis indicated that particles varying in shape from nearly
spherical to various irregular shape, had higher surface energy, higher content
of Cl and S bearing particles and had a large surface area which can cause
greater damage to lungs. The presence of various organic compounds con-
taining functional groups like alcohols, ketones aldehydes, carboxylic acids as
well as unsaturated and saturated carbon bonds was observed by FT-IR analy-
sis. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the mor-
phology of the PM. Agglomerates and shoots type particles were mostly seen
in SPM.
Keywords
Particulate Matter, Fine Particle, Morphology, Heavy Metal, Scanning
Electron Microscope
1. Introduction
Air pollution is a pressing issue in Bangladesh which is ranked 169th out of 178
How to cite this paper: Huda, M.N., Hos-
sain, S.A., Islam, M.M. and Islam, M.F.
(2018) Chemical and Morphological Cha-
racteristics of Particulate Matter Suspended
in the Air of the Dhaka University Area of
Bangladesh. Open Journal of Air Pollution,
7, 95-106.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2018.72005
Received: February 7, 2018
Accepted: June 11, 2018
Published: June 14, 2018
Copyright © 2018 by authors and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access