Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
Trees
DOI 10.1007/s00468-017-1614-7
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Estimating leaf biomass of pollarded lebanon oak in open
silvopastoral systems using allometric equations
Sima Shahabedini
1
· Loghman Ghahramany
2
· Fernando Pulido
3
·
Sheyda Khosravi
4
· Gerardo Moreno
3
Received: 23 March 2017 / Accepted: 6 September 2017
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017
indices as predictor variables for estimating dry weight of
leaf biomass were used. Multiple linear regression based on
CD and stem DBH produced the more parsimonious model.
The results indicated that natural logarithmic transforma-
tion of dry weight of leaf biomass improved the model’s
goodness of ft. The moderate accuracy of the proposed allo-
metric equation is explained by the scattered distribution of
the trees and the strong modifcation of canopy structure
through periodical pollarding. Leaf biomass estimate is used
to evaluate the impact of pollarding on nutrient cycling and
carbon sequestration in forest.
Keywords Fodder trees · Northern Zagros · Pollarding ·
Quercus libani
Introduction
Biomass of different parts of standing trees, which is
dependent on site characteristics and tree attributes, is dif-
fcult to predict (Lehtonen 2005). While there is abundant
scientifc literature on the quick estimation of timber and
wood biomass (i.e., the world’s most common forest prod-
ucts), scientifc knowledge for the estimation of leaf biomass
is still poor. Since direct measurement of leaf biomass is
impractical, leaf biomass estimation using non-destructive
techniques requires development of allometric equations
based on predictor variables such as biometric indices which
can be easily measured. Accurate estimates of leaf biomass
are essential because it indicates the production capacity of
forest per unit area or time and can be used as an indicator
of site productivity, both biological and economic. Estimates
of leaf biomass allow the quantifcation of forest resources
such as availability of wood fuel and tree fodder. In addition,
Abstract
Key message Multiple linear regression based on the
crown diameter (the most explicative biometric variable
for pollarded trees) and diameter at breast height indices
produced the more parsimonious model with moderate
accuracy to estimate leaf biomass used to feed livestock
in strongly seasonal silvopastures.
Abstract The aim of this study is to develop allometric
equation to estimate leaf biomass of pollarded Lebanon
oak trees, a species used as fodder tree in western Iran. A
pollarded stand (6.6 ha in area including 560 Lebanon oak
trees) was selected. Full callipering of all trees (collar diam-
eter ≥5 cm) was conducted: collar diameter and diameter at
breast height (DBH) of stem, tree height, trunk height, and
crown diameters (CDs) were measured. At the time of pol-
larding, the fresh weight of leafy branches resulting from
pollarding of each tree was measured. Finally, dry weight
of leaf biomass for entire crown was determined. Biometric
Communicated by E. Priesack.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this
article (doi:10.1007/s00468-017-1614-7) contains supplementary
material, which is available to authorized users.
* Loghman Ghahramany
l.ghahramany@uok.ac.ir
1
Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan,
Sanandaj, Iran
2
Department of Forestry, The Center for Research
and Development of Northern Zagros Forestry, University
of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
3
Institute for Dehesa Research, University of Extremadura,
Plasencia, Spain
4
Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran