International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2015): 78.96 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391 Volume 6 Issue 5, May 2017 www.ijsr.net Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY Environmental Pollution Control Using Nano- Particles in SI Engines Rajlaxmi Chaudhary 1 , Dr. Mukesh Thakur 2 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rungta Engineering College, Raipur (C.G.), India 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rungta College of Engineering & Technology, Raipur (C.G.), India Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present nanotechnology is covering various technologies which are in progress at nano-scale. It plays a essential role in the creation of new methods to produce new-fangled products, to replace existing production equipments and to develop new materials having a much better performance leading to lesser amount of consumption of energy and reduced ecological degradation. This research paper focuses on the utility of the nano-particles in the area of automobile pollution control. The change of particle size from micro to nano causes significant change in the material properties. These properties can be vital in the reduction of pollution from environment which has become a serious problem today. Use of Catalytic Converter was found the best way to control the automotive exhaust emission among all of technologies and the coating of nano-particles on the catalytic converter of automobiles will help in decreasing the level of exhaust emission concentration and thereby, reduce the pollution level in atmosphere. This review paper deals with the automotive exhaust emission and its effects, automotive exhaust emission control by use of catalysts used in catalytic converter, atomic activity of nano particles and also the various nano-particles used in the automobile pollution control. Keywords: Automobile; nano-particles; catalyst; catalytic convertor; pollution; properties 1. Introduction The automobiles exhaust gases contains carbon monoxide (CO), and organic compounds which are unburned or partially burned hydrocarbons (UHC).Which cause of environmental Pollution from the tail-pipe of exhaust. These exhaust emissions from the automobiles depend on many factors like the running condition of the engine, combustion conditions, maintenance of automobiles, composition of fuel and the air-fuel ratio. At the point when the fuel infusion arrangement of a car does not work appropriately, it leads to an increase in the emissions rate of the exhaust components. The emissions from automobiles also compose of pollutants like lead particles, carbon monoxide and many other pollutants. Breathing carbon monoxide disrupts the supply of oxygen from blood to the tissues by consolidating with the iron of hemoglobin causing a variety of ailments like cancer, inhalation problems, skin problems which can prove to be fatal [1]. Carbon dioxide present in the air is the main reason for to global warming. Apart from individuals, the significant supporters of carbon dioxide in condition are the two-wheeler automobiles. Carbon monoxide emitted from automobiles is also measured to be the most toxic pollutant. The emission of harmful gases and exhaust emissions from the automobiles can be reduced by using catalytic converter in the automobiles. The catalytic converter helps in the oxidation and in that way making the pollutants less hurtful to the environment [2]. Incomplete burning of the fuels leads to the production of unburned hydrocarbons. The level of unburned hydrocarbons is generally specified in parts per million (ppm) of carbon atoms. The emission of the unburned hydrocarbons is also used for measuring the combustion efficiency. The exhaust gas treatment is basically a cleaning action after the exhaust emissions leave the engine cylinder. They are made to pass from catalytic converter before entering the atmosphere. In this work, the performance of a copper coated spark ignition engine with methanol blended gasoline on catalytic converter was analyzed [3]. Nanotechnology is the also considered as the generation next technology or the technology for the future. It is vastly gaining popularity and acceptance due to improved results, better performance, reduced pollution and widespread utility. It composes of a wide range of technologies which are presently under development in nano-scale. It is also very helpful in the development of innovative methods to develop new products, systems, processes, to replace the existing production method with improved performance methods, thereby, leading to a reduced consumption of energy and environmental protection. Nanotechnology offers great potential in providing innovative approach towards reducing the pollution in air, water and land. It is also beneficial in improving the performance of conventional technologies used in cleanup process. Metal nano particles, specially the expensive metals including gold, platinum and palladium are increasingly being used as catalysts in various industrial and environmental applications. The rate at which the automotive industry is hampering the surrounding makes the application of nano-technology mandatory to avoid further damage. Malfunction of the engine systems like the fuel injection system causes an increase in the exhaust emissions. The exhaust emissions from the automobiles include gases like Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen oxide, Carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbons and lead. A complete review on the application of nanotechnology in automotive pollution prevention was explained. Initially, the important aspects of ecological pollution problems due to automobile industry were discussed and then the application of nanotechnology towards the prevention and control of these problems were presented [4]. 2. Nano-Partical as Catalysts A evaluation on nano-particle exposed that the ratio of surface area of nano-particle to the volume of the nano- Paper ID: ART20173921 2396