Gangopadhyay.
31
Metallic Alloy Nanoparticles and Metal-Semiconductor
Nanomaterials
NanoWorld Journal
Review Article Open Access
https://doi.org/10.17756/nwj.2018-058
Parthasarathi Gangopadhyay
*
Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India
*
Correspondence to:
Dr. Parthasarathi Gangopadhyay, PhD
Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre
for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102
Tamil Nadu, India
Tel: +91-44-27480085
E-mail: pganguly@igcar.gov.in
Received: June 15, 2018
Accepted: October 08, 2018
Published: October 10, 2018
Citation: Gangopadhyay P. 2018. Metallic
Alloy Nanoparticles and Metal-Semiconductor
Nanomaterials. NanoWorld J 4(3): 31-42.
Copyright: © 2018 Gangopadhyay. Tis is
an Open Access article distributed under the
terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
4.0 International License (CC-BY) (http://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which
permits commercial use, including reproduction,
adaptation, and distribution of the article provided
the original author and source are credited.
Published by United Scientifc Group
Abstract
While bridging the gap between the atomic structures and bulk matters,
nanomaterials are of great interests for fundamental understanding as well as for
diferent application perspectives. In this article, it is proposed to provide a review
regarding various synthesis processes of nanomaterials, growth mechanisms and a
range of experimental techniques to discuss remarkable properties of materials at
the nanoscale dimensions. Equilibrium (ambient or vacuum thermal annealing)
as well as non-equilibrium (for example, utilizing ion-beams) methods are
elaborated for the processing of nanomaterials. Here, nanomaterials stand for
species of metal nanoparticles, bimetallic alloy nanoparticles or composite
materials of metal nanoparticles in diferent oxide semiconductors. Akin to
the pure metal nanoparticles, alloy metal nanoparticles exhibit exciting optical
responses. For example, surface-plasmon resonance frequencies of bimetallic
alloy nanoparticles are tunable in controlled fashions through the variation of
alloy compositions. Metal nanoparticles in semiconductors are discussed to
elucidate examples of quasi-particle interactions between plasmons and excitons
in the composite as well as interesting photoluminescence properties of the
nanomaterials. Termal stability of semiconductors and growth of the nanoscale
metal particles in the composites are found to play crucial roles in this regard.
Depending on the growth of metal nanoparticles, for instance, photoluminescence
intensity of semiconductors is observed to be enhanced or quenched in the metal-
semiconductor composite nanostructures.
Keywords
Nanomaterials, Ion beam, Termal annealing, Optical, Photoluminescence,
XPS, XRD
List of Abbreviations
SPR: Surface-plasmon resonance; PL: Photoluminescence; XPS: X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy; GIXRD: Grazing incidence X-ray difraction;
HRTEM: High-resolution transmission electron microscopy; IBS: Ion-beam
sputtering
Introduction
At nanoscale dimensions, metals, bimetallic alloys and semiconductors
(quantum dots) exhibit remarkable materials properties which are completely
unknown in their bulk counterparts. As an outcome, great lots of research
interests are shown from diferent perspectives: materials synthesis, fundamental
understanding as well as from application point of view. Nanomaterials, as we
know, are no way diferent compared to the parent phase of materials except