Analysis of the Human Development Index in Jambi City Sudirman Faculty of Economics Batanghari University Jambi, Indonesia sudirmans3@yahoo.com Osrita Hapsara Faculty of Economics Batanghari University Jambi, Indonesia osritahapsara@yahoo.co.id Abstract— HDI summarizes three welfare variables in a single composite index. These variables include: longevity and living a healthy life (measured by life expectancy), education (measured by the level of adult literacy and the level of enrollment in primary, secondary and high school) and having a decent standard of living (measured from purchasing power / PPP parity, income). Basically the condition of HDI, in the city of Jambi every year has always experienced an increase, especially in the years 2012-2017. Where in 2012 73.78% and this always increased until 2017 76.74 percent this figure shows that the Human Development Index in Jambi City has always increased. But the increase in AHH increases every year is not so significant where in 2012 it amounted to 72.29 years while in 2017 72.33 years, and AMH increase every year is also not so significant where in 2012 99.07 percent and in 2017 99, 31 percent where the annual increase is an average of 0.04 percent per year, while HLS in Jambi city increases by an average of 0.17 years, RLS in Jambi City in the period of 2012 to 2017, an average increase of 0.06 years per year. The economic growth of the city of Jambi in the period of 2012- 2017 is an annual average of 7.09 percent. Keywords— Human Development Index, Gross Domestic Product, Education, Employment, Health I. INTRODUCTION Karl Heinrich Marx (1818-1883) who was one of the thinkers of the socialist school, where he put forward some of his thoughts regarding his views which prioritized the welfare of the people and his view of efforts to eliminate differences in classes in society (Natsir, 2010: 59). Shumpeter (1942) also stated in his book Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy, where he argued that development is a process that involves many complex elements in society and is in a certain historical context (Natsir, 2010: 105). Robert Malthus (1766-1834) which was the forerunner to the birth of the modern population theory. Where in his theory suggests that it is important to have control in the rate of population growth, this is based on the assumption that there is a mismatch between the rate of population growth and the growth rate of foodstuffs. So that it can cause several problems in economic development for a country. One other reason on the basis of Malthus's theory is that it relates to the existence of productive and unproductive populations, if in a country has a fairly rapid population growth rate and is not balanced by the existence of a productive population rate, this will cause greater poverty rates. that will occur in a country and will cause inequality in income distribution. In connection with this, it brings us to the understanding that policies to improve the quality of human resources, including policies issued in the government budget, especially those intended to finance welfare activities. As stated by Sanusi and Aspa (2012: 43) Harmoyo et al (2012: 20) in the UK the expenditure structure has the following balances: 51.2% social services, 15% economic services, 7.7% environmental services, 10.2% defense, 8.2% government debt payments, and services other services 7.8%. Whereas 50% more of the state budget allocated to finance the detailed activities are as follows: 18% social security, 13% education, 10% health, 8% housing, milk and school meals 1%, personal social activities 2.5%. Sharif (2012: 303-304) in his book "Islamic Economic System" concerning fulfilling the minimum standard of living for every citizen, is seen based on the following characteristics: (1) provision of social security for all people to accidents, illness, unemployment, old age, and defects, (2) fair and equitable social justice or income distribution, (3) the provision of free or subsidized education and health services by the state, (4) maintaining the full employment level for the workforce by making the state fully responsible for the availability of employment for those who are able to work, (5) public ownership of public facilities so that they can be given to low-income groups at subsidized prices. HDI is a measure to see the impact of regional development performance that has a very broad dimension, because it shows the quality of the population of a region in terms of life expectancy, education and decent living standards (Melliana and Zain, 2013). HDI is a policy tool (Spangenberg 2015) which is a comprehensive result of various factors (Niu et al., 2013). HDI is present as a measuring tool capable of describing the overall level of welfare because it can describe economic and non-economic factors (Aji et al., 2014). Index (Xi) = (Xi - Xmin) / (Xmaks - Xmin) Where : Xi: The first indicator of the component of human development i = 1,2,3 Xmin: Xi minimum value Xmax: Maximum value of Xi The second stage of the HDI calculation is calculating the average of each Xi index. HDI = (Xi index + X2 index + X3 index) / 3 Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 168 Proceedings of the 2nd Southeast Asian Academic Forum on Sustainable Development (SEA-AFSID 2018) Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press B.V. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 264