IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 01 | July 2016 ISSN (online): 2349-784X All rights reserved by www.ijste.org 32 Computational Simulation Prediction of Fungal Growth on Religious Building Materials Jugmendra Singh Garima Arya Associate Professor Student Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities Department of Microbiology Panipat Institute of Engineering & Technology, Panipat (India) Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidhalaya, Haridwar, Uttarakhand Abstract Religious building materials are often renovated with a high expenditure of time and money without investigating and considering the causes of either damages or deterioration. In many ways, religious buildings can only be maintained by changing their usage. This change of use may influence the interior climate enormously. To assess the effect on the risk of fungal mycelial growth on building parts or building materials, a predictive model has been developed recently, describing the hydrothermal behaviour of the spore. It allows for the first time to employ the changing surface temperatures and relative humidity for the computational prediction of fungal mycelial growth. The calculational assessment of fungal growth allows the handling of such problems which until now could not be solved with simple estimations or with reasonable metrological expense. The modified model generated predictions which agreed closely with experimental data on fungal mycelia growth on religious building materials, thereby supporting the assumptions on which the model was based. Keywords: computational prediction, fungal, religious building, humidity, temperature ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I. INTRODUCTION India is a country known for its highly enriched heritage in the form of ancient monuments and highly valuable cultural material. It survives and thrives on its ever-lasting heritage embedded in the soul of this great country. Microbial defacement and degradation of artistic or historic artifacts is a worldwide problem affecting all countries regardless of their history, geographical location or economic conditions. Religious buildings and monuments are the most visible and important foundation of the Indian cultural heritage and contribute significantly to the attractiveness and identity of India for its citizens and visitors to all over world. Therefore, we must take care that these invaluable testimonies of our past are maintained and protected in a sustainable manner. Although, huge progress has been made with air conditioning and heating technologies while saving energy for modern buildings, most of the damages to collections of works of art in such buildings are still caused by unfavorable climate conditions and attack of microbial consortia like, bacteria, actinomycetes, moulds, fungi, termites etc.. An increasing problem caused by the adaptation of traditional buildings to new uses is the proliferation of microbial mycelial growth. Knowledge of how to prevent microbiological attack is already needed in the planning stage of interventions. The problem of microbial growth will also gain further importance due to effects of climate change, since in various parts of Europe it will become warmer and more humid. The microbiologist all over the world have studied the role of microbial colonization on the biodegradation of different cultural artifacts ranging from famous buildings to books, wall paintings, textiles, sculptures, currency notes, writings on Bhojpatra (Betula utilis, the Himalayan birch, the bark of which was used for preparing hand written manuscripts of sanskrit in ancient India) and glass; and the compounds utilized to control microbial invasion. According to Amoroso and Fassina (1983) salts are solubilized and migrate with the water in or out of the buildings followed by the drying out of the solution at the exposed surface. These results in the formation of deposits of crystallized salts in the surface called “efflorescences” (Amo roso and Fassina, 1983). The application of biocides is always accompanied by risks to health and also to works of art, especially when used indoors, and moreover can prevent the formation of mould fungus only over a limited period of time. A prerequisite for preventing mould fungus without the use of biocides is the knowledge of the boundary conditions under which fungus growth takes place. In reference to the boundary conditions for the growth of fungus it turns out that the decisive parameters of influence like relative humidity (Grant and et al.,1989) and temperature (Sedlbauer and et al.,2001; Smith and Hill, 1982) as well as the substrate (Ritschkoff and et al., 2000) have to be available over a certain period of time simultaneously in order to enable the formation of mould fungi. Therefore, the main focus of this scientific paper is the development of a planning instrument that aims at predicting the formation of mould fungus. This procedure consists of consecutive predictive models the Isopleth Model. Microbes and Biodegradation: The term biodegradation is generally used to describe the breakdown of culturally, historically or economically significant material in nature. In other words, biodeterioration refers to the decay of material that is caused by biological agents. Microorganisms frequently damage walls and even attack metals, however, as a rule, in buildings in nature it contains organic and inorganic material that suffer most from biological decay. Wood, ivory, paper, leather, textile, glues and sizes as well as