Yolanda Suarez-Balcazar
Lucia Orellana-Damacela
Nelson Portillo
Jean M. Rowan
Chelsea Andrews-Guillen
The authors would like to acknowledge Fabricio Balcazar and Chiara Sabina for their
comments on an earlier draft and Fred Bryant for his assistance on the statistical analysis.
Yolanda Suarez-Balcazar is associate professor, Department of Occupational
Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago. Lucia
Orellana-Damacela, Nelson Portillo, and Chelsea Andrews-Guillen are graduate stu-
dents in the Department of Pyschology at Loyola University Chicago. Jean M. Rowan
was an undergraduate student at Loyola. This study was conducted when the first author
was at Loyola with support from the Loyola Office of Research Support. All correspon-
dence should be sent to the first author at ysuarez@iuc.edu.
The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 74, No. 4 (July/August 2003)
Copyright © 2003 by The Ohio State University
Incidents of ethnic and racial discrimination are
still prevalent in American universities (Chang, 2000; Pettigrew, 1998).
Many campuses are struggling with racial tensions among students from
diverse race groups. African American students, in particular, are more
likely than Caucasians to be the target of some form of direct, personal
racism (Ancis, Sedlacek, & Mohr, 2000; Fisher & Hartmann, 1995;
Gossett, Cuyjet, & Cockriel, 1998). These types of incidents include dif-
ferential treatment and stereotyping by fellow students, faculty mem-
bers, campus police, teaching assistants, administrators, and staff.
African American students have perceived more interracial tensions on
campus, have reported significantly less satisfaction with the institution,
and have also reported that faculty members often assess their academic
performance more negatively than they do for Caucasian students
(Ancis, et al., 2000; Coleman, Jussim, & Isaac, 1991).
Relevant to this study is the assessment of specific situations in which
college students experience differential treatment. Because students’
perceptions and attributions may also account for experiencing differen-
Experiences of Differential Treatment
Among College Students of Color