Research Article Volume 5 • Issue 4 702 Comparison of Canola and Soybean Oils on Serum Lipid and Glucose Profles and Anthropometric Parameters in overweight and Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial Mansour Shahraki 1 , Sara Rahati 2 *, Mahmood Ali Keykhaei 3 , Nasim Niknejad 4 Abstract No earlier human study compared infuences of canola and soybean oils on patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Current study aimed to investigate efects of canola and soya oils on blood and anthropometric parameters in overweight and obese Iranian diabetic (II) patients. A total of sixty-six T2D subjects were randomly allocated to three groups. Canola oil (CO; n 23, received 30g canola oil); Soya oil (SO; n 19, received 30g soya oil) and control group (n 24, their usual intake of dietary oils) for 8 weeks. Lipid and glycemic profles as well as anthropometric indicators were evaluated before and after the intervention. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to evaluate time×group interactions for the outcome variables followed by a t test (signifcance level, p < 0.05). After 8 weeks, serum total cholesterol (-21.3 and -36.4v. -2.2 mg/dl; P=0·007), low density lipoprotein (-6.6 and -15.9v. +3.0 mg/dl; P=0·013), fasting blood sugar (-39.6 and -30.5v. +11.7 mg/dl; P<0.001) signifcantly decreased and high density lipoprotein (+3.0 and +3.5v. +2.4 mg/dl; P=0.038) signifcantly increased in CO and SO groups compared with controls. Changes in lipid profles were more considerable in the soybean oil group than the canola oil group. The mean changes of waist circumference (WC; −4.1 v. -1.4 and -1.3 cm; P=0·031) and weight (−3.1 v. -0.3 and +0.5 kg; P=0·048) signifcantly decreased in canola group comparing to the two other groups. Current study showed that daily consumption of canola and soybean oil for 8 weeks improved serum levels of fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein in T2D patients. Changes were more considerable in those consumed soybean oil. Canola oil decreased central obesity indices (waist circumference and weight) in T2D patients. Further studies are needed to shed light on this issue. Trial registration: The trial registration number at irct.ir is IRCT2012062510110N1. Registered 23 July 2012. Retrospectively registered. https://fa.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT2012062510110N1 Afliation: 1 Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. 2 Department of Cellular–Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutrition Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3 Internal Seat, Ali-ibn-Abitaleb Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. 4 School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada *Corresponding author: Sara Rahati. Department of Cellular–Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutrition Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Citation: Mansour Shahraki, Sara Rahati, Mahmood Ali Keykhaei, Nasim Niknejad. Comparison of Canola and Soybean Oils on Serum Lipid and Glucose Profles and Anthropometric Parameters in overweight and Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial 5 (2022): 702-711. Received: September 19, 2022 Accepted: September 27, 2022 Published: November 08, 2022 Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Canola oil; Soya oil; Obesity Introduction Today, global prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing continuously, along with the increased prevalence of overweight and obesity [1]. Fat accumulation in the visceral area is a major risk factor of diabetes mellitus [2,3]. Chronic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), are the main health concerns in the current century. They have put a great burden to health systems all over the world [4,5]. The global prevalence of T2D in