Review
Is the success of small-scale photovoltaic solar energy generation
achievable in Brazil?
Paula D. Rigo
a, *
, Julio Cezar M. Siluk
a
, Daniel P. Lacerda
c
, Carmen B. Rosa
b
,
Graciele Rediske
a
a
Department of Production and Systems Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97.105-
900, Brazil
b
Department of Electrical Energy Processing, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima,1000, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97.105-900,
Brazil
c
Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos - UNISINOS, Research Group on Modeling for Learning - GMAP | UNISINOS, Av. Unisinos, 950, Bairro Cristo Rei, S~ ao
Leopoldo, RS, 93.022-000, Brazil
article info
Article history:
Received 3 April 2019
Received in revised form
15 August 2019
Accepted 29 August 2019
Available online 31 August 2019
Handling Editor: Sandro Nizetic
Keywords:
Solar PV power
Distributed microgeneration and
minigeneration
Critical success factors (CSF)
Barriers
abstract
The Photovoltaic (PV) solar energy is an essential source for the transition of non-renewable energy
generation to clean energy generation worldwide. One of the options to increase participation of PV in
the Brazilian energy matrix is to invest in Small-scale Distributed Generation (DG). However, this gen-
eration represents less than 0.3% of the demand consumed in the captive market of the country. Even
though Brazilian consumers are interested in purchasing PV systems, selling the system is still a chal-
lenge for the industry, since the sale conversion rate represented only 6.88% in 2018. In this context, this
research aims to discuss what are the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for the growth of the of photovoltaic
solar energy in small scale in Brazil. The results of the study provided a total of 43 CSFs, which were cited
165 times by the selected articles, capable of explaining the success of the PV energy in Brazil. A hier-
archical structure was structured, grouping the CSFs into six Fundamental Viewpoints (FV): economic;
environmental; marketing; political; social, and technological. Through this analysis, it was possible to
determine which CSFs are favorable aspects and barriers to the success of this technology, which may not
enable the operation of productive systems with cleaner sources of energy.
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents
1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 2
2. The regulation of small-scale DG of solar PV in Brazil .................................................................................... 3
3. The definition of success for solar PV energy ................................................. .......................................... 4
4. The systematic literature review process ............................................................................................... 4
5. Results and discussion ............................................................................................................... 6
5.1. Fundamental Viewpoint 1: economic ............................................................................................. 6
5.2. The Fundamental Viewpoint 2: environmental ............................................. ....................................... 6
5.3. Fundamental Viewpoint 3: marketing ............................................................................................ 8
5.4. The Fundamental Viewpoint 4: political .......................................................................................... 8
5.5. The Fundamental Viewpoint 5: social ............................................................................................. 9
5.6. Fundamental Viewpoint 6: technological ............................................... ......................................... 9
6. Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 10
Declaration of interest .............................................................................................................. 12
* Corresponding author.
E-mail address: paularigo@mail.ufsm.br (P.D. Rigo).
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Cleaner Production
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jclepro
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118243
0959-6526/© 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Journal of Cleaner Production 240 (2019) 118243