BRIEF COMMUNICATION Improvement of Body Composition and Quality of Life Following Intragastric Balloon Silvia Mansur Reimão 1 & Maria Elizabeth Rossi da Silva 2 & Gabriel Cairo Nunes 1 & Luiz Henrique Mazzonetto Mestieri 1 & Rosa Ferreira dos Santos 2 & Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de Moura 1 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract Background The aim is to evaluate the effects of IGB in overweight or class I obese patients, by analyzing body composition and quality of life (QOL). Methods Prospective study including patients with BMI 27–34.9 kg/m 2. body composition analysis (BCA) was performed before IGB implantation and its removal, after 6 months of treatment. QOL was assessed by the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey at baseline and after treatment. Results Forty patients were included in this study, but four were excluded. The total weight decreased by 12.29 kg after 6 months of use of IGB, which corresponds to loss of 13.69% of the total weight. There was a significant reduction in body fat mass and fat area. QOL improved in all eight sections analyzed (p < 0.001 to 0.041): functional capacity, physical aspects, pain, general health status, vitality, social aspects, emotional aspects, and mental health. Conclusions IGB induces not only weight loss but changes in body composition through the reduction of body fat mass and fat area. Furthermore, it improves QOL. Keywords Gastric balloon . Quality of life . Body composition . Electric impedance . Weight loss . Bariatric medicine Introduction Obesity is a chronic disease that has become one of the major health problems of the last decades. Considered a twenty-first century pandemic, it leads the causes of early morbidity and mortality [1, 2]. About two billion adults worldwide (39% of the world’s population) are over- weight, of which more than half a billion (13%) are obese [1]. The most commonly used endoscopic treatment is the intragastric balloon (IGB), a short term, reversible, and minimally invasive method for weight loss. According to Brazilian and European criteria, it is indicated mainly for patients with BMI > 27, those who do not meet the criteria for bariatric surgery, and for the super obese (BMI ≥ 50), in order to achieve moderate weight loss preoperatively, thus reducing anesthetic risks and surgical complications. There are also indications for morbidly obese individuals who, despite having criteria for surgery, refuse it [2–5]. IGB causes gastric distension, decreasing the amount of food ingested at each meal, delays gastric emptying and favors the sensation of satiety [6]. * Silvia Mansur Reimão silvia_mansur@yahoo.com.br Maria Elizabeth Rossi da Silva mbeth@usp.br Gabriel Cairo Nunes gabrielcaironunes@hotmail.com Luiz Henrique Mazzonetto Mestieri luizmestieri@gmail.com Rosa Ferreira dos Santos rfsantos@usp.br Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de Moura eduardoghdemoura@gmail.com 1 Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 225, 6° andar, bloco 3, São Paulo, SP 05403-010, Brazil 2 Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Metabology Service, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 225, 5° andar, bloco 4B, São Paulo, SP 05403-010, Brazil Obesity Surgery https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-018-3209-9