Vol.:(0123456789) Wireless Personal Communications https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06263-8 1 3 Anti‑fog System for High Speed Vehicles Using WI‑FI Ghulam Fiza Mirza 1  · A. W. Umrani 1  · Abdul Razzaque Jawad 1  · Nafeesa Bohra 1  · B. S. Chowdhry 1  · Fahim Aziz Umrani 1 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract Smog is considered as a serious worldwide problem especially in Asian countries resulting sometimes in fatal injuries. Wireless communication can play a vital role in solving this problem efectively. In this paper, a novel ofine system is proposed and designed to drive the vehicles safely in a dense smoggy atmosphere where nothing is visible to the driver. The system utilizes of the shelf wireless fdelity modules operating in station mode for moving vehicles and access point mode for immobile vehicles to enable the driver to drive along a smoggy path in case if any vehicle is stopped on the motorway due to any reason (accident, car breakdown etc.) along with the use of node microcontroller unit, ultrasonic sensors and accelerometer. Ultra Sonic sensors installed on vehicle show the distance of front objects to let him drive safely. Additionally, an android application is also designed so that the users having an Internet resource can see road hazards (speed breakers, potholes, debris etc) ahead. The K-means clustering method using elbow technique is used to ana- lyze the mobile phone’s global positioning system coordinates and speed of vehicle to do efective road monitoring. The proposed system would not only be helpful for the drivers to drive smoothly on the road in foggy environment and avoid unforeseen catastrophes but can also be used for efective road monitoring. Keywords Smog · Wireless communication · Alert system · Smooth driving · Road hazards · Accident prevention · Android application 1 Introduction Smog can be defned as, the kind of air pollutant formed as a combination of smoke and fog caused by the hazardous smoke of factories and automobiles. The intensity of this problem can be understood from the report published on Nov, 2017 that smog causes high- way catastrophe and people are forced to remain at their homes [1]. Due to smog, severe road accidents killed 18 people and many people injured in various cities of Punjab and 3 children were killed in Layyah for the same reason [1]. On Nov 8, 2017, accident occurred on Yamuna Expressway near Delhi due to smog, destroyed more than 24 automobiles and * Ghulam Fiza Mirza ghulamfzamirza@gmail.com 1 Department of Telecommunication Engineering, MUET, Jamshoro, Pakistan