Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews
eISSN: 2395-6518, Vol 7, No 4, 2019, pp 542-548
https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7473
542 |www.hssr.in © Adnan et al.
THE POTENTIAL FOR IMPLEMENTING MICROFINANCING FROM THE
ZAKAT FUND IN MALAYSIA
Nurul Ilyana Muhd Adnan
1*
, Mohd Izhar Ariff Mohd Kashim
2
, Zahri Hamat
3
, Hafizuddin Muhd Adnan
4
, Nurul
Izwah Muhd Adnan
5
, Fariza Md. Sham
6
1,2
Centre for Contemporary Fiqh and Sharia Compliance, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
Malaysia,
3
Department of Economy and Management, University College Bestari, Putera Jaya, Malaysia,
4,5
Department of
Computer Sciences, Kulliyyah of Information & Communication Technology, International Islamic University Malaysia,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
6
Centre for Human and Community Well-being, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
Email: ilyana_adnan@ukm.edu.my
Article History: Received on 15
th
July 2019, Revised on 30
th
August 2019, Published on 24
th
September 2019
Abstract
Issue: The constrains to obtain a capital often involving underprivileged entrepreneurs because it is difficult to get a fund
from the financial institutions. From a Muslim entrepreneur's perspective, microfinance that offered is consisting element
of riba and it is prohibited in Islam. As we know, the role of zakat is huge in the economy of the Muslims. So, effective
zakat distribution system is able to organize and develop society. Especially for Muslim underprivileged entrepreneurs.
Purpose of study: This article aims to analyze first, what is the basis for the establishment of zakat distribution law over
the provision of capital through microfinance? Second, is this distribution potentially to be implemented in Malaysia?
Methodology: Qualitative data were obtained from document analysis and interview with zakat expertise in Malaysia.
Main findings: Based on the content analysis on primary data, the findings show that there is a strong legal basis allowing
zakat distribution through micro-financing. According to scholars' views in Malaysia, the distribution of zakat through
microfinance has the potential to be implemented in Malaysia.
Implications: The distribution of zakat is not limited to self- sufficiency even can be distributed through productive zakat
with the provision of initial capital and revolving capital from zakat funds through microfinance. The provision of working
capital through microfinance from zakat funds is a long-term goal of zakat.
Novelty/originality: Yet, there is no zakat distribution is done through microfinance in Malaysia. Therefore, the
institutions of zakat in Malaysia adopt the Baitul Mal Aceh as a model to apply the granting of working capital in the form
of micro-financing which is financed from the funds of zakat. Furthermore, scholars in Malaysia also argued that the
distribution of such method has great potential to be implemented in Malaysia.
Keywords: zakat funds, microfinance, law, practice, potential.
INTRODUCTION
The issue of poverty received serious attention from Prophet Muhammad SAW when His Majesty SAW explained to RA's
companions that zakat should be distributed to help the poor. Imam Abu Hanifa RA has responded to this call by declaring
zakat only distributed to the welfare of the poor (Yusuf al-Qaradawi, 2002, Kashim et al. 2015 ). It is also noted by
Sayyidina Umar al-Khattab RA when he once instructed his zakat officer saying, which means:
"When distributing zakat to poor people, give to the excess in order to be satisfied, repeat gave it to
them even if they get a hundred camels" (Abu Ubayd, 2007: 502 ).
The problem of poverty is seen very critical because it could undermine the faith of Muslims. So, no wonder if these things
are so concerned by the Prophet Muhammad in order to protect the religion of his people. Islam has provided some
financial resources to help Muslims.One of financial resources is obligatory.To help preserve the economic development of
Muslims, the distribution of zakat to be capable of earning a financial instrument that is effective. Among the financial
instruments that are free from riba is the provision of business capital through micro-financing funds of zakat (Adnan
2017 ).
Based on the content analysis of the primary data, this article will discuss two parts. First, the basic form of the law of
zakat distribution through micro-financing. Second, the potential of the implementation of zakat distribution in the form of
micro-financing.
DISCUSSION / ANALYSIS
THE LAW OF MICRO-FINANCING FROM THE FUNDS OF ZAKAT
The proposition of the Qur'an not explain in detail the method of distribution of zakat. In fact, the distribution of the funds
of the zakah to one group only does not conflict with the word of God ALMIGHTY in surah Al-Taubah verse 60. The
specialization of the eight eligible recipients of zakat is not meant that the zakat funds should be divided equally even amil
or the government should distribute them based on the benefits and welfare of the eight asnaf (Sayyid Sabiq, 2009; Kashim