Chi, Quddus, Huang, and Levinson 1 Gasoline Price Effects on Traffic Safety in Urban and Rural Areas: 1 Evidence from Minnesota, 1998–2007 2 3 Submitted on July 29, 2011 4 Word count: 5,345 words + 6 tables + 2 figures = 7,345 words 5 6 Guangqing Chi (corresponding author) 7 Department of Sociology and Social Science Research Center 8 Mississippi State University 9 PO Box C 10 Mississippi State, MS 39762 11 Tel.: +1 662 325 7872; fax: +1 662 325 7966 12 Email: gchi@ssrc.msstate.edu 13 14 15 Mohammed A. Quddus 16 Department of Civil and Building Engineering 17 Loughborough University 18 Leicestershire LE11 3TU 19 United Kingdom 20 Tel.: +44 1509 22 8545; fax: +44 1509 22 3981 21 Email: m.a.quddus@lboro.ac.uk 22 23 24 Arthur Huang 25 Department of Civil Engineering 26 University of Minnesota 27 500 Pillsbury Drive SE 28 Minneapolis, MN 55455 29 Tel.: +1 612 626 0024; fax: +1 612 626 7750 30 Email: huang284@umn.edu 31 32 33 David Levinson 34 Department of Civil Engineering 35 University of Minnesota 36 500 Pillsbury Drive SE 37 Minneapolis, MN 55455 38 Tel.: +1 612 625 6354; fax: +1 612 626 7750 39 Email: dlevinson@umn.edu 40 41 42 43