The Turkish Online Journal of Design, Art and Communication - TOJDAC
ISSN: 2146-5193, September 2018 Special Edition, p.3080-3091
ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS AMONGST FEMALE STUDENTS:
TEST OF A MODERATED MODEL IN AN EMERGING ECONOMY
Umair Ahmed
1
Arab Open University, Kingdom of Bahrain
umairahm@gmail.com
Munwar Hussain Pahi
2**
Indus University, Karachi, Pakistan
hussainpahi@gmail.com
Soleman Mozammel
3
soleman.mozammel@aou.org.bh
Waheed Ali Umrani
4
IBA Sukkur, Pakistan
**Corresponding Author Munwar Hussain Pahi hussainpahi@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The study attempted to shed light on the predictors of entrepreneurial intention among young female
population. Through critical appraisal of the existing body of knowledge, the present study tested the
role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and risk-taking propensity towards enhancing entrepreneurial
intention. More importantly, the study attempted to examine the moderating role of entrepreneurial
education on these relationships. PLS path model results of the 318 female MBA students underlined
significant positive impact of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and risk-taking propensity on female
students` entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, the study also found significant moderation of
entrepreneurial education on the risk-taking propensity and entrepreneurial intention relationship.
Overall, the study has forwarded healthy results to help scholars understand the theoretical and
practical implications of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, risk-taking propensity and entrepreneurial
education towards nurturing entrepreneurial intentions among the young female respondents.
Keywords: Women Entrepreneurship, self-efficacy, entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial
education.
INTRODUCTION
Women have a notable role in entrepreneurship across the globe (Wilson, Kickul & Marlino, 2007). It
has been reported that around 37 percent of the global businesses are owned and operated by women
(Saxena, 2016). In parallel, the Malaysian economy also has a significant contribution from its female
population whereby, 21 percent of its entrepreneurial entities are owned and operated by women
(GEM, 2012). Hence, these figures outline a notable contribution of women in entrepreneurship.
Notably, the global entrepreneurial consortium suggests that women are striving to actively participate
in the entrepreneurial activities but sadly, they lack in a variety of prospects like awareness and core
entrepreneurial skills (Consortium, 2014). Similarly, for a developing economy like Malaysia,
encouraging women and female participation in entrepreneurial activities is a need of time especially
in the current tough economic conditions which sadly is being neglected (Usman, Buang & Usman,
2015).
Keeping this considerable gap in view, the present study aimed to understand and examine how female
population in Malaysia can be harnessed to increase their intention towards entrepreneurial activities.
Moreover, Malaysia accounts 48.4 percent of women population (Trading Economics, 2016), the
country should ideally work on capitalizing upon this massive human capital to boost its economic
Submit Date: 06.07. 2018, Acceptance Date: 25.08.2018, DOI NO: 10.7456/1080SSE/385
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