PHOTOLUMINESCENCE INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE OXIDATION
OF Cdo.gZno.,Te DETECTORS
H. Chen', M. Hayes', K. Chattopadhyay', K. T. Chen%, A. Burger', J. Heffelfinger" and
R. B. James**
*Center for Photonic Materials and Devices, Department of Physics, Fisk University, Nashville, TN
37208.
"**Advanced Electronics Manufacturing Technologies Department, Sandia National Laboratories,
Livermore, CA 94550.
ABSTRACT
The effect of surface oxidation of Cdl.XZnTe (x = 0.1) detectors by chemical etching in
hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution (H
2
0
2
) at different concentrations and etching times was
investigated by low temperature photoluminescence (PL). The treatment resulted in better surface
condition evidenced by the larger 1()0, X/Idef intensity ratio and the narrower full width at half
maximum of the main peak (D°, X). Peak shifts in the PL spectra associated with bound exciton lines
and free to bound transition were also observed and attributed to the oxide layer. These surface
effects were found to be dependent on H
2
0
2
concentration and etching time. The significance of this
surface oxidation on device passivation and the subsequent improvements in the detector performance
are also discussed.
INTRODUCTION
Over the last decade, wide bandgap semiconductor radiation detectors especially Cdl-.Zn.Te
(CZT), have been known to be an attractive alternative to scintillators due to their compact size, high
energy resolution and room temperature operation capability. Two typical problems associated with
detector fabrication are surface conduction and injecting contacts, which greatly influence detector
performance via dark current leading to a source of noise in the detector spectral response. Past
efforts have been made to reduce the leakage current and consequently improve energy resolution
of room temperature CZT detector via novel chemical etching. These efforts were aimed at restoring
surface stoichiometry and removing damaged surface layers resulted from mechanical polishing"
2
.
However, detector performance still continues to be limited by the surface component of the dark
current. Recent study has indicated that this current can be further reduced by intentional surface
oxidation via H
2
0
2
aqueous solution etching
3
. Although various reports in the past have been made
on the oxidized CdTe and CdZnTe surfaces
4
'
5
'
6
, little has been published about H.0
2
chemical
oxidation of CZT surfaces, especially with regard to detector performance.
In this study, we investigate the effect of surface oxidation of detector grade Cd,-,ZnTe (x
= 0.1 ) crystals by hydrogen peroxide solution etching at different etching times and different
concentrations via low temperature photoluminescence (PL) characterization technique. PL is a very
useful method of measuring surface recombination and shallow level impurities in semiconductor
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Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. Vol. 487 ©1998 Materials Research Society