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Research & Review: Drugs and Drugs Development
Volume 1 Issue 1
Development of a highly sensitive method for quantitative
estimation of Hexamine impurity in Febuxostat drug substances
using LC-MS
Dr. Amit Gosar
1
, Tabrez Shaikh
2
*, Amit Joglekar
3
1
Chief Scientist, Indoco Remedies Limited, Analytical Research & Development Department,
Navi mumbai, Maharashtra, India
2,3
Principal Scientist, Indoco Remedies Limited, Analytical Research & Development
Department, Navi mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Email: tabrezs@indoco.com
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2588123
Abstract
A selective and highly sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method
was developed for the determination of Hexamine impurity in Febuxostat drug substance.
The method was validated as per International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines,
for which limit of detection and limit of quantitation obtained were 0.75 ppm and 2.26 ppm
respectively. The regression coefficient found for the linearity study was 0.9984. The %
recovery of the spiked hexamine in drug substance obtained was in the range of 81.9 to 110.5
ensured the accuracy of the method. The method can be adapted to determine hexamine in
Febuxostat drug substance (API).
Keyword: Febuxostat, Hexamine, development, validation, LCMS
INTRODUCTION
Febuxostat is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor
drug used in the treatment of gout. The
chemical name for Febuxostat is 2-(3-
cyano-4-isobutoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1,3-
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid [1]. Its
molecular formula is C
16
H
16
N
2
O
3
S, which
corresponds to a molecular weight of
316.37 (Fig.1). Hexamine is a chemical
compound used in the synthesis of
Febuxostat as a reagent. Hexamine also is
known as Hexamethylenetetramine or
methenamine is a heterocyclic organic
compound (Fig.1) with the molecular
formula C
6
H
12
N
4
. Hexamine molecule has
a symmetric tetrahedral cage-like structure
of which four corners are having nitrogen
atoms and edges are having methylene
bridges [2]. Hexamine is considered to be
genotoxic as an experimental result shows
it to be weak mutagenic. Hexamine
structure also shows alert with QSAR
software. The hydrolytic degradation
product of Hexamine is Formaldehyde
which is highly mutagenic [3]. Hence
hexamine should be controlled in drug
substances to the threshold of toxicological
concern (TTC) level 1.5 μg/day in drug
substances [4]. A limit for the Hexamine
was set based on the maximum daily dose
(MDD) of Febuxostat for which its limit
comes out to be 12.5 ppm.
Figure 1: Structure of Febuxostat and Hexamine