Citation: Kumar, Y.V.P.; Rao, S.N.V.B.;
Padma, K.; Reddy,C.P.; Pradeep, D.J.;
Flah, A.; Kraiem, H.; Jasi ´ nski, M.;
Nikolovski, S. Fuzzy Hysteresis
Current Controller for Power Quality
Enhancement in Renewable Energy
Integrated Clusters. Sustainability
2022, 14, 4851. https://doi.org/
10.3390/su14084851
Academic Editor: Lin Li
Received: 18 March 2022
Accepted: 15 April 2022
Published: 18 April 2022
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sustainability
Article
Fuzzy Hysteresis Current Controller for Power Quality
Enhancement in Renewable Energy Integrated Clusters
Yellapragada Venkata Pavan Kumar
1,
* , Sivakavi Naga Venkata Bramareswara Rao
2
, Kottala Padma
3
,
Challa Pradeep Reddy
4
, Darsy John Pradeep
1
, Aymen Flah
5
, Habib Kraiem
6,
* , Michal Jasi ´ nski
7
and Srete Nikolovski
8
1
School of Electronics Engineering, VIT-AP University, Amaravati 522237, Andhra Pradesh, India;
john.darsy@vitap.ac.in
2
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sir C. R. Reddy College of Engineering,
Eluru 534007, Andhra Pradesh, India; snvbrao.eee@sircrrengg.ac.in
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, Andhra University College of Engineering (A),
Visakhapatnam 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India; kottalapadma.ee@auvsp.edu.in
4
School of Computer Science and Engineering, VIT-AP University, Amaravati 522237, Andhra Pradesh, India;
pradeep.ch@vitap.ac.in
5
Energy Processes Environment and Electrical Systems Unit, National Engineering School of Gabes,
University of Gabes, Gabes 6029, Tunisia; flahaymen@outlook.fr
6
Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Northern Border University,
Arar 73222, Saudi Arabia
7
Faculty of Electrical Engineering,Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
michal.jasinski@pwr.edu.pl
8
Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information
Technology, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; srete.nikolovski@ferit.hr
* Correspondence: pavankumar.yv@vitap.ac.in (Y.V.P.K.); habib.kraiem@yahoo.fr (H.K.)
Abstract: Steady increase in electricity consumption, fossil fuel depletion, higher erection times
of conventional plants, etc., are encouraging the use of more and more onsite renewable energy.
However, due to the dynamic changes in environmental factors as well as the customer load, re-
newable energy generation is facing issues with reliability and quality of the supply. As a solution
to all these factors, renewable energy integrated cluster microgrids are being formed globally in
urban communities. However, their effectiveness in generating quality power depends on the power
electronic converters that are used as an integral part of the microgrids. Thus, this paper proposes
the “Fuzzy Hysteresis Current Controller (FHCC)-based Inverter” for improving the power quality
in renewable energy integrated cluster microgrids that are operated either in grid-connected or
autonomous mode. Here, the inverter is controlled through a fuzzy logic-based hysteresis current
control loop, thereby achieving superior performance. System modelling and simulations are done
using MATLAB/Simulink
®
. The performance analysis of the proposed and conventional inverter
configurations is done by computing various power quality indices, namely voltage characteristics
(swell, sag, and imbalance), frequency characteristics (deviations), and total harmonic distortion.
The results reveal that the proposed FHCC-based inverter achieves a better quality of power than
the traditional ST-PWM-based multilevel inverter in terms of IEEE/IEC/EN global standards for
renewable energy integrated cluster microgrids application.
Keywords: cluster microgrids; fuzzy logic; hysteresis current control; microgrids; power quality;
renewable energy sources; urban community
1. Introduction
Energy is a key component of any country’s economic development. In the twenty-first
century, people in both urban and rural areas around the world have higher and more
sophisticated demands for their quality of life. Urbanization is expected to account for
Sustainability 2022, 14, 4851. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14084851 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability